All hyperbolic cyclically presented groups with positive length three relators
The paper under review studies the cyclically presented groups\N\[\N\Gamma_{2m}= \big \langle x_0,\dots,x_{2m-1}\mid x_i x_{i+1} x_{i+m-1}\ (0\le i<2m) \big \rangle,\N\]\Nwith subscripts taken modulo \(2m\), which form a subfamily of cyclically presented groups with positive length three relators. The main objective is to determine precisely for which values of \(m\) these groups are hyperbolic.\N\NTheorem~A shows that for \(m\ge 1\) the group \(\Gamma_{2m}\) is hyperbolic if and only if \(m\in\{1,2,3,6,9\}\). In these cases the theorem also identifies \(\Gamma_{2m}\) up to isomorphism as \(\mathbb Z_3\), \(\mathbb Z_{15}\), \(\mathbb Z\ast\mathbb Z\), \(\mathbb Z_5\ast\mathbb Z\ast\mathbb Z\) and \(\mathbb Z_{19}\ast\mathbb Z\ast\mathbb Z\), respectively. For all remaining values of \(m\) the group is shown to be non-hyperbolic.\N\NThe proof proceeds by passing to the split extension \(E_{2m}=\Gamma_{2m}\rtimes\langle t\mid t^{2m}\rangle\) and constructing explicit commuting elements \(A\) and \(B\) in \(E_{2m}\). A key lemma establishes that, for \(m\notin\{1,2,3,4,6,9,12\}\), the relation \(A^\alpha B^\beta=1\) in \(E_{2m}\) forces \(\alpha=\beta=0\).\N\NThe paper also derives Corollary~B, which classifies the elementary and non-elementary hyperbolic groups among the more general cyclically presented groups \(G_n(x_0x_kx_l)\) under explicit congruence conditions, and Corollary~C, which confirms Conjecture 7.12 stated in [\textit{E.~Mohamed} and \textit{G.~Williams}, Exp. Math. 31, No. 2, 537--551 (2022; Zbl 1509.20048)] excluding certain isomorphisms for even \(n\ge 20\).
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