Almost interpolation and radial basis functions

In the problems concerning the multivariate interpolation by sums of radial basis functions the focus has been on the special case where the translates of one single basis function \(\varphi\) is used and where the centers of different translates of \(\varphi\) are the given data points. In this frame, the interpolation problem is solved if the basis function is conditionally positive definite. Unfortunately, this hypothesis are very restrictive, on both aspects: the location of the interpolation points and the nature of \(\varphi\). Let \(T= \{t_1,t_2,\dots, t_n\}\) be a set of distinct points in \(\mathbb{R}^d\), \(\Phi= \{\phi_1,\phi_2,\dots, \phi_n\}\) be a set of continuous \(d\)-variate functions and \[ M= M(\Phi, T)= \begin{pmatrix} \phi_1(t_1) & \phi_2(t_1) &\cdots & \phi_n(t_1)\\ \phi_1(t_2) & \phi_2(t_2) & \cdots & \phi_n(t_2)\\ \cdots & \cdots & \cdots & \cdots\\ \phi_1(t_n) & \phi_2(t_n) & \cdots & \phi_n(t_n)\end{pmatrix} \] . By\({\mathcal F}\subseteq C[0,\infty)\cap C^1(0,\infty)\) we denote the class of real-valued functions \(\varphi\) with the property that \(\varphi\) does not vanish identically on any subinterval of \(\text{supp\,}\varphi\). \(T\) is said to be an almost interpolation set with respect to \(\Phi\) provided that for any set of neighborhoods \(B(t_1),B(t_2),\dots, B(t_n)\) of the points in \(T\), there exist points \(t_i'\in B(t_i)\), \(i\in \{1,2,\dots, n\}\), such that \(M(\Phi,T')\), where \(T'= \{t_1',t_2',\dots, t_n'\}\), is nonsingular. The main result of this paper is: Theorem: Let us consider \(\zeta_1,\zeta_2,\dots, \zeta_n\in \mathbb{R}^d\), \(\varphi_1,\varphi_2,\dots,\varphi_n\) belong to the class \({\mathcal F}\) and let \(\phi_1,\phi_2,\dots, \phi_n\) be the associated radial basis functions defined on \(\mathbb{R}^d\). Assume that for some permutation \(j_1,j_2,\dots, j_n\) of \(\{1,2,\dots, n\}\), \(t_{j_i}\in (\text{supp\,}\phi_i)^0\), for \(i\in \{1,2,\dots, n\}\). Then the set \(T\) is an almost interpolation set with respect to \(\Phi\). This means that it is possible to deal with interpolation points in a more general position and with a very broad class of radial functions, if we replace interpolation by almost interpolation. At the end, the paper contains some examples. For the entire collection see [Zbl 1027.00021].

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