Almost maximal spaces

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2006.05.001MaRDI QIDQ864448zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Yevhen Zelenyuk

Publication date 9 February 2007

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.topol.2006.05.001

zbMATH Keywords

absolute coretractalmost maximal spaceprojectiveStone-Čech compactificationtopological groupultrafilter semigroup

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Mappings of semigroups (20M15) Other topological algebraic systems and their representations (22A30) Topological spaces and generalizations (closure spaces, etc.) (54A05) Topological groups (topological aspects) (54H11)

Review text

A topological space \(X\) is called almost maximal if it is without isolated points and for every \(x \in X\) there are only finitely many ultrafilters on \(X\) converging to \(x\). We associate with every countable regular homogeneous almost maximal space \(X\) a finite semigroup \(ULT(X)\) so that if \(X\) and \(Y\) are homeomorphic, \(Ult(X)\) and \(Ult(Y)\) are isomorphic. Semigroups \(Ult(X)\) are projectives in the category \({F}\) of finite semigroups. These are bands decomposing into a certain chain of rectangular components. Under Martin's axiom, for each projective \(S\) in \({F}\), there is a countable almost maximal topological group \(G\) with \(Ult(G)\) isomorphic to \(S\). The existence of a countable almost maximal topological group cannot be established in ZFC. However, there are in ZFC countable regular homogeneous almost maximal spaces \(X\) with \(Ult(G)\) being a chain of idempotents. Finally a number of interesting open questions are given at the end of the paper.

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Cited in

(12)

• The smallest ideal of \(\beta S\) is not closed
• A selection of open problems
• The closure of the smallest ideal of an ultrafilter semigroup
• Almost maximal topologies on semigroups
• Regular idempotents in \beta S
• Strongly complete almost maximal left invariant topologies on groups
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