An Upgrading Algorithm With Optimal Power Law
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Abstract: Consider a channel along with a given input distribution . In certain settings, such as in the construction of polar codes, the output alphabet of is `too large', and hence we replace by a channel having a smaller output alphabet. We say that is upgraded with respect to if is obtained from by processing its output. In this case, the mutual information between the input and output of is upper-bounded by the mutual information between the input and output of . In this paper, we present an algorithm that produces an upgraded channel from , as a function of and the required output alphabet size of , denoted . We show that the difference in mutual informations is `small'. Namely, it is , where is the size of the input alphabet. This power law of is optimal. We complement our analysis with numerical experiments which show that the developed algorithm improves upon the existing state-of-the-art algorithms also in non-asymptotic setups.
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