An abstract approach to Loewner chains

General theory of conformal mappings (30C35) Other generalizations of function theory of one complex variable (32A30) Hyperbolic and Kobayashi hyperbolic manifolds (32Q45)

Abstract: We present a new geometric construction of Loewner chains in one and several complex variables which holds on a complete hyperbolic complex manifold M and prove that there is essentially a one-to-one correspondence between evolution families of order d and Loewner chains of the same order. As a consequence we obtain a solution for any Loewner-Kufarev PDE, given by univalent mappings (f_t) from M to a complex manifold N. The problem of finding solutions given by univalent mappings with range in C^n is reduced to investigating whether the union of the images f_t(M) is biholomorphic to a domain in C^n. We apply such results to the study of univalent mappings from the unit ball B^n to C^n.

Review text

In this interesting paper the authors are concerned with a modern approach of the theory of Loewner chains on complete hyperbolic complex manifolds. They obtain a deep geometric construction of Loewner chains which does not use any limit process. More precisely, they define the notion of \(L^d\)-Loewner chains on complete hyperbolic complex manifolds of dimension \(n\), where \(d\in [1,\infty]\), and prove that there is a one-to-one correspondence between \(L^d\)-Loewner chains and their associated \(L^d\)-evolution families. On the other hand, they also prove that \(L^d\)-Loewner chains on complete hyperbolic complex manifolds are determined as the univalent solutions of the Loewner-Kufarev PDE. Let \(M\) be a complete hyperbolic complex manifold of dimension \(n\) and let \(N\) be a complex manifold of the same dimension. Also, let \(G:M\times [0,\infty)\to TM\) be an \(L^d\)-Herglotz vector field associated with an \(L^d\)-evolution family \((\varphi_{s,t})\), where \(d\in [1,\infty]\). One of the main results of this paper is given in Theorem 5.2, in which the authors prove that a family of univalent mappings \((f_t:M\to N)\) is an \(L^d\)-Loewner chain associated with the evolution family \((\varphi_{s,t})\) if and only if \(f_t\) is locally absolutely continuous on \([0,\infty)\) locally uniformly with respect to \(z\in M\) and satisfies the Loewner-Kufarev partial differential equation \[ \frac{\partial f_s}{\partial s}(z)=-(df_s)_zG(z,s),\quad a.e.\, s\geq 0,\, z\in M. \] In Section six, the notion of conjugacy is defined for \(L^d\)-evolution families, which preserves the Loewner range. In Section seven, the authors obtain examples of \(L^d\)-Loewner chains on the Euclidean unit ball \({\mathbb B}^n\) in \({\mathbb C}^n\), by using the Roper-Suffridge extension operator, while in the last section they provide analytical characterizations of spiral-shapedness and star-shapedness on \({\mathbb B}^n\) in terms of \(L^\infty\)-Loewner chains.

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