An example of a pathological random perturbation of the Cat Map
Let \(f: \mathbb{T}^2 \rightarrow \mathbb{T}^2\) be the Cat Map on the two-dimensional Torus \(\mathbb{T}^2\), and for \(x\in \mathbb{T}^2\) let \(Q_x\) be the uniform distribution on the integral curve \(\gamma_x\) defined by a \(C^\infty\) vector field on \(\mathbb{T}^2\). The associated random perturbation is the Markov chain with transition kernel \((x,A)\mapsto Q_{fx}(A)\) defined for \(x\in \mathbb{T}^2\) where \(A\) is a Borel subset of \(\mathbb{T}^2\). This perturbation is in fact generated by the action of this kernel on the set of probability measures \(\nu\) on \(\mathbb{T}^2\), i.e., by the operator NEWLINE\[NEWLINE {\mathcal{F}}_*\nu (A):= \int_{\mathbb{T}^2} Q_{fx}(A) \nu(x), NEWLINE\]NEWLINE denoted by \(\mathcal{F}\). Under some convenient conditions, the author proves essentially that:NEWLINENEWLINE1. The only \(\mathcal{F}\)-invariant measure is the unique singular measure \(\mu\) supported on some line segment of the local stable manifold of the fixed point.NEWLINENEWLINE2. If \(\nu\) is any Borel probability measure on \(\mathbb{T}^2\), then \({\mathcal{F}}_*^n \nu\) has all of its limit points supported on the same line segment. In particular, NEWLINE\[NEWLINE \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=0}^{n-1} {\mathcal{F}}_*^i \nu \rightarrow \mu. NEWLINE\]
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