An integro-differential equation without continuous solutions

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Abstract: We show an example of a non-symmetric integro-differential equation of order alpha, for alphain(0,1), for which H"older estimates do not hold even though the kernels are comparable to the fractional Laplacian.


The authors construct a nonsymmetric kernel so that the solution of the integro-differential equation given below has a solution that is discontinuous at the origin: \[ \int_{ \mathbb{R}^n} (u(x+y)-u(x)-y. \bigtriangledown u(x) \chi _{B_1}(y)) ~K(x,y)~dy=f(x) \] in \(B_1\). The required kernel is constructed as a sum of three functions and satisfies the following property \[ \frac{ \lambda}{|y|^{n+ \alpha} } \leq K(x,y) \leq \frac{ \wedge}{|y|^{n+ \alpha}} \] for some \(\alpha \in (0,1)\).











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