An upper bound on the maximal function of Schrödinger operator
Given the free Schrödinger equation: \( i\partial_t u + \Delta u = 0\) in \({\mathbb R}^{n+1}\) with an initial data \(f\in \mathcal S (\mathbb R^n)\), its solution can be written as \( E f (x, t) := e^{it\Delta} f (x) = (2\pi)^{-n}\int_{\mathbb R^n} \hat{f}(\xi) e^{i(x\cdot \xi-t|\xi|^2)}d\xi. \) The authors search some \(\gamma_{n+1}>0\) such that\N\[\N\left\| \sup_{0<t\le R}|e^{it\Delta} f (x)|\right\|_{L^{\frac{2(n+1)}{n}}(B^n(0,R))} \lesssim_{\varepsilon} R^{\gamma_{n+1}+\varepsilon}\|f\|_{L^2}, \ \ \operatorname{supp} \hat f \subset B^n(0,1),\N\]\Nwhere \(\varepsilon>0\) and \(R>1\). Their result is as follows: For \(n\ge 3\), the maximal function estimate as above holds whenever \(\gamma_{n+1}\) satisfies the recurrence relation, for \(4\le m\le n+1\),\N\[\N\gamma_m=\gamma_{m-1}\cdot \frac{m^2-3m}{m^2-2m-2} + \frac{(m-1)^2(m-2)-(n+m-1)}{2m(m-1)(m^2-2m-2)}\N\]\Nwith \(\gamma_3=-\frac{n}{12}+\frac16\).\N\NThey show this by establishing weighted estimates. The main ingredients are the polynomial partitioning and induction on the scales and the dimensions of varieties. Their result is an improvement of the recent result by \textit{X. Du} et al. [Am. J. Math. 143, No. 1, 175--211 (2021; Zbl 1461.28003)].\N\NAs an application, the index region of the local space-time estimates for the Schrödinger equation is extended when \(3\le n\le 5\).
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