Arithmetic progressions of squares and multiple Dirichlet series

DOI10.1007/S00209-024-03516-6MaRDI QIDQ6581847zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Thomas A. Hulse, Chan Ieong Kuan, David Lowry-Duda, Alexander Walker

Publication date 1 August 2024

Published in Mathematische Zeitschrift (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/S00209-024-03516-6

zbMATH Keywords

multiple Dirichlet seriesthree-term arithmetic progressions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Holomorphic modular forms of integral weight (11F11) Theta series; Weil representation; theta correspondences (11F27) Forms of half-integer weight; nonholomorphic modular forms (11F37) Langlands (L)-functions; one variable Dirichlet series and functional equations (11F66)

Review text

In this paper under review, the authors study a Dirichlet series in two variables which counts primitive three-term arithmetic progressions of squares. This multiple Dirichlet series is defined by \N\[\N\mathcal{D}(s, w)=\sum_{\substack{m, h >1\\ (m, h)=1}}\frac{r_1(h)r_1(m)r_1(2m-h)}{m^sh^w}, \N\]\Nwhere \(r_\ell (n)\) denotes the number of ways to represent \(n\) as a sum of \(\ell\) squares. The principal result of this paper is Theorem 5.1, which states that \(\mathcal{D}(s, w)\) has meromorphic continuation to \(\mathbb{C}^2\) by means of spectral expansion. The authors then exploit this meromorphic continuation to obtain a variety of asymptotic results for the distribution of primitive arithmetic progressions of squares and rational points on \(x^2+y^2=2\).

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