Automorphisms of braid groups on orientable surfaces.

DOI10.1142/S021821651650022XMaRDI QIDQ2805387zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Byunghee An

Publication date 11 May 2016

Published in Journal of Knot Theory and its Ramifications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1507.03312

zbMATH Keywords

automorphism groupsbraid groupsmapping class groupsouter automorphism groupssurfaces

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Automorphisms of infinite groups (20E36) Automorphism groups of groups (20F28) Braid groups; Artin groups (20F36) Moduli of Riemann surfaces, Teichmüller theory (complex-analytic aspects in several variables) (32G15) Topological methods in group theory (57M07)

Abstract: In this paper we compute the automorphism groups $operatornameAut(mathbf{P}_n(Sigma))$ and $operatornameAut(mathbf{B}_n(Sigma))$ of braid groups $mathbf{P}_n(Sigma)$ and $mathbf{B}_n(Sigma)$ on every orientable surface $Sigma$, which are isomorphic to group extensions of the extended mapping class group $mathcal{M}_n^{\ast }(Sigma)$ by the transvection subgroup except for a few cases. We also prove that $mathbf{P}_n(Sigma)$ is always a characteristic subgroup of $mathbf{B}_n(Sigma)$ unless $Sigma$ is a twice-punctured sphere and $n=2$.

Review text

Let \(\Sigma\) be a surface which is homeomorphic to \(\Sigma_{g,p}=\Sigma_g\setminus\mathbf p\), where \(\Sigma_g\) is the orientable closed surface of genus \(g\) and \(\mathbf p=\{p_1,\ldots,p_p\}\) is a set of punctures. We say that \(\Sigma\) is generic if \(\chi(\Sigma)<-1\). The groups \(\mathbf B_n(\Sigma)\) and \(\mathbf P_n(\Sigma)\) are the braid group and the pure braid group on \(n\)-strings, respectively, of \(\Sigma\). The group \(\mathcal M^*(\Sigma)\) (\(\mathcal M_n^*(\Sigma)\)) is the mapping class group (the mapping class group with \(n\)-marked points), respectively.NEWLINENEWLINE The main result of the paper is: Theorem 1.3. Let \(\Sigma\) be a generic surface and \(n\geq 2\). Then NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\Aut(\mathbf P_n(\Sigma))\cong\mathcal M_n^*(\Sigma),\qquad\mathrm{Out}(\mathbf P_n(\Sigma))\cong\mathbf S_n\times\mathcal M^*(\Sigma)NEWLINE\]NEWLINE and NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\Aut(\mathbf B_n(\Sigma))\cong\mathcal M_n^*(\Sigma),\qquad\mathrm{Out}(\mathbf B_n(\Sigma))\cong\mathcal M^*(\Sigma).NEWLINE\]NEWLINE At the end of the paper the groups \(\Aut(\mathbf B_n(\Sigma))\) are computed for the remaining cases of \(\Sigma\), called \textit{exceptional cases}.NEWLINENEWLINE A detailed presentation of the known results about \(\Aut(\mathbf B_n(\Sigma))\) and \(\Aut(\mathbf P_n(\Sigma))\) is provided. The proofs are long and use several techniques including combinatorial group theory, properties of the braids, properties of the mapping class groups and the Thurston classification of homeomorphisms of the surface.NEWLINENEWLINE As an application they show: Theorem 1.5: Let \(\Sigma\) be a surface of finite type without boundary, possibly non-orientable. Then the pure braid group \(\mathbf P_n(\Sigma)\) is a characteristic subgroup of the braid group \(\mathbf B_n(\Sigma)\) except \(\mathbf P_2(\Sigma_{0,2})\) is not characteristic in \(\mathbf B_2(\Sigma_{0,2})\).

Recommendations

• AUTOMORPHISMS OF BRAID GROUPS ON S², T², P² AND THE KLEIN BOTTLE K
• AUTOMORPHISMS OF BRAID GROUPS ON CLOSED SURFACES WHICH ARE NOT S², T², P² OR THE KLEIN BOTTLE
• Commensurators of surface braid groups.
• Surjective homomorphisms between surface braid groups
• Automorphisms of pure braid groups

Cites work

• A primer on mapping class groups
• An Exact Sequence of Braid Groups.
• AUTOMORPHISMS OF BRAID GROUPS ON CLOSED SURFACES WHICH ARE NOT S², T², P² OR THE KLEIN BOTTLE
• Automorphisms of complexes of curves on punctured spheres and on punctured tori
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1089297 (Why is no real title available?)
• ON AUTOMORPHISMS OF SURFACE BRAID GROUPS
• On the structure of the centralizer of a braid
• PERMUTATION REPRESENTATIONS OF BRAID GROUPS OF SURFACES
• Surfaces and planar discontinuous groups. Revised and expanded transl. from the German by J. Stillwell

Cited in

(15)

• Le groupe d'automorphismes du groupe modulaire
• An approach to automorphisms of free groups and braids via transvections
• Surjective homomorphisms between surface braid groups
• Automorphisms of free groups and the mapping class groups of closed compact orientable surfaces.
• The center of some braid groups and the Farrell cohomology of certain pure mapping class groups.
• On the pure braid group of a surface.
• AUTOMORPHISMS OF BRAID GROUPS ON CLOSED SURFACES WHICH ARE NOT S², T², P² OR THE KLEIN BOTTLE
• AUTOMORPHISMS OF BRAID GROUPS ON S², T², P² AND THE KLEIN BOTTLE K
• Lower central series, surface braid groups, surjections and permutations
• PURE BRAIDS AS AUTOMORPHISMS OF FREE GROUPS
• Isotopy and homeomorphism of closed surface braids
• On the linearity problem for mapping class groups
• Commensurators of surface braid groups.
• On a geometric version of the Grothendieck conjecture for configuration spaces of hyperbolic curves
• The \(\mathrm{R}_{\infty}\)-property for braid groups over orientable surfaces

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