Blobbed topological recursion from extended loop equations
This paper is the fifth in a series [\textit{H. Grosse} et al., ``Solution of all quartic matrix models, Preprint, \url{arXiv:1906.04600}; \textit{J. Schürmann} and \textit{R. Wulkenhaar}, Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 174, No. 3, 471--495 (2023; Zbl 1515.81197); \textit{J. Branahl} et al., Commun. Math. Phys. 393, No. 3, 1529--1582 (2022; Zbl 1507.81160); \textit{A. Hock} and \textit{R. Wulkenhaar}, ``Blobbed topological recursion of the quartic Kontsevich model II: Genus=0, Preprint, \url{arXiv:2103.13271}] which investigates and solves the quartic Kontsevich model. \N\NHere, the authors consider the \(N\times N\) Hermitian matrix model with measure \(d\mu_{E,\lambda}(M)=\frac{1}{Z}\exp(-\frac{\lambda N}{4}tr(M^4))d\mu_{E,0}(M)\), where \(d\mu_{E,\lambda}\) is the Gaußian measure with covariance \(\langle M_{kl}M_{mn}\rangle=\frac{\delta_{kn}\delta_{lm}}{N(E_k+E_l)}\) for given \(E_1,\dots,E_N>0\). It was previously understood that this setting gives rise to two ramified coverings \(x,y\) of the Riemann sphere strongly tied by \(y(z)=-x(-z)\) and a family \(\omega^{(g)}_n\) of meromorphic differentials conjectured to obey blobbed topological recursion due to Borot and Shadrin. The authors develop a new approach to this problem via a system of six meromorphic functions which satisfy extended loop equations. Two of these functions are symmetric in the preimages of \(x\) and can be determined from their consistency relations. An expansion at \(\infty\) gives global linear and quadratic loop equations for the \(\omega^{(g)}_n\). These global equations provide the \(\omega^{(g)}_n\) not only in the vicinity of the ramification points of \(x\) but also in the vicinity of all other poles located at opposite diagonals \(z_i+z_j=0\) and at \(z_i=0\). They deduce a recursion kernel representation valid at least for \(g\leq1\). This paper is organized as follows. The first Section is an introduction to the subject and statement of the main result. Section 2 deals with a summary of previous results obtained of the above papers, auxiliary functions and motivation of a loop insertion operator. The latter plays an important role in the theory of topological recursion, but it is a very subtle object. The authors gives a definition of a loop insertion operator on meromorphic functions. Section 3 is devoted to solution, linear and quadratic loop equations for genus \(g=0\). Section 4 concerns solution for genus \(g=1\). Section 5 is devoted to the recursion formula. Section 6 deals with conclusions and perspectives.
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