Boundary singularity of Poisson and harmonic Bergman kernels

Integral representations; canonical kernels (Szeg?, Bergman, etc.) (32A25) Radon-Nikodým, Kre?n-Milman and related properties (46B22) Pseudodifferential operators (47G30)

Abstract: We give a complete description of the boundary behaviour of the Poisson kernel and the harmonic Bergman kernel of a bounded domain with smooth boundary, which in some sense is an analogue of the similar description for the usual Bergman kernel on a strictly pseudoconvex domain due to Fefferman. Our main tool is the Boutet de Monvel calculus of pseudodifferential boundary operators, and in fact we describe the boundary singularity of a general potential, trace or singular Green operator from that calculus.

Review text

The celebrated theorem of Fefferman gives a description of the boundary singularity of the Bergman kernel \(B\) of smoothly bounded and strictly pseudoconvex domain \(\Omega\) in \(\mathbb C^n\): there exists functions \(a,b,\rho\in\mathcal C^{\infty}(\overline{\Omega}\times\overline{\Omega})\) such that \[ B=\frac{a}{\rho^n}+b\log\rho \] on \(\Omega\times\Omega\), where \(\rho\) satisfies several additional conditions. The aim of the paper under review is to give an analogous descriptions for (a) the harmonic Bergman kernel \(H\), i.e., the reproducing kernel of the subspace of harmonic functions from \(L^2(\Omega)\) for a bounded domain \(\Omega\subset\mathbb R^n\), \(n\geq2\), and (b) the Poisson kernel \(K\), which gives the solution to the Dirichlet problem \(\Delta f=0\), \(f|_{\partial\Omega}=u\) on \(\Omega\). The main results of the paper are the following. Let \(\Omega\subset\mathbb R^n\) be a bounded domain with smooth boundary. Let \(d\) be a smooth function on \(\overline{\Omega}\) such that \(d>0\) on \(\Omega\) and \(d(x)=\text{dist}(x,\partial\Omega)\) for \(x\) near the boundary, and let further \(\tilde x\) denote the reflection of \(x\in\Omega\) with respect to \(\partial\Omega\). Finally, let \(\mathbb S^{n-1}\) denote the unit sphere in \(\mathbb R^n\). Then (A) there exist functions \(F\in\mathcal C^{\infty}(\overline{\Omega}\times\overline{\Omega}\times[0,\infty)\times\mathbb S^{n-1})\), \(G\in\mathcal C^{\infty}(\overline{\Omega}\times\overline{\Omega})\) with \(F(x,x,0,\nu)=n\langle\nu,\nabla d(x)\rangle^2-1\), \(x\in\partial\Omega\), \(\nu\in\mathbb S^{n-1}\) such that \[ H(x,y)=\frac{2c_n}{|x-\tilde y|^n}F\Big(x,y,|x-\tilde y|,\frac{x-\tilde y}{|x-\tilde y|}\Big)+G(x,y)\log|x-\tilde y| \] for all \(x,y\in\Omega\) close to the boundary; (B) there exist functions \(F\in\mathcal C^{\infty}(\partial\Omega\times[0,\infty)\times\mathbb S^{n-1})\), \(G\in\mathcal C^{\infty}(\overline{\Omega}\times\partial\Omega)\) with \(F(\zeta,0,\nu)=1\), \(\zeta\in\partial\Omega\), \(\nu\in\mathbb S^{n-1}\) such that \[ K(x,\zeta)=\frac{c_nd(x)}{|x-\zeta|^n}\Big[F\Big(\zeta,|x-\zeta|,\frac{x-\zeta}{|x-\zeta|}\Big)+|x-\zeta|^nG(x,\zeta)\log|x-\zeta|\Big],\quad (x,\zeta)\in\Omega\times\partial\Omega, \] where \(c_n\) is a constant depending only on the dimension \(n\). The main tool used in the paper is the extension of the standard Boutet de Monvel calculus of pseudodifferential operators to boundary value problems.

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