Calculation of Volterra Kernels for Solutions of Nonlinear Differential Equations
Set functions and measures and integrals in infinite-dimensional spaces (Wiener measure, Gaussian measure, etc.) (28C20) Nonlinear ordinary differential equations and systems (34A34) Nonlinear differential equations in abstract spaces (34G20) Applications of operator theory to differential and integral equations (47N20)
The authors study the operator \(x=A(\phi)\) generated by the differential equation \(x'(t)=f(x(t))+\phi(t)\), or by the equivalent integral equation \(x(t)=\int_{-\infty}^t[f(x(s))+\phi(s)]ds\), on the space of functions \(\phi:\mathbb{R}\to E\) which vanish on intervals \((-\infty,\cdot]\). Here, \(E\) is a Banach space and \(f:E\to E\) satisfies \(f(0)=0\). If \(f\) can be expanded into a Taylor series, \(f=\sum_1^\infty f_n\), then also \(A\) can be expanded into a Volterra series, \(A=\sum_1^\infty A_n\), \(A_n\) are integral operators with Volterra kernels \(\kappa_n\), \(A_n(\phi)(t)=\int ds_1\ldots\int ds_n\kappa_n(t-s_1,\ldots,t-s_n) (\phi(s_1),\ldots,\phi(s_n))\), and further properties are satisfied. Emphasis is placed on the good behaviour of the extension of \(A\) to the space of compact supported measures \(\phi\). This measure approach is proven to be fast and easy to handle when being applied to e.g., the Hodgkin-Huxley system [cf. \textit{J. Cronin}, Mathematical aspects of Hodgkin-Huxley neural theory. Cambridge University Press (1987; Zbl 0627.92005)], and is contrasted to the white noise approach [see \textit{N. Wiener}, Nonlinear problems in random theory, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (1958; Zbl 0121.12302)].
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