Chaotic almost minimal actions
chaotic almost minimal \(\mathbb{Z}^d\)-actionsFurstenberg's theoremnon-lacunary semigroupnonatomic ergodic probability measures
Measure-preserving transformations (28D05) Dynamical aspects of measure-preserving transformations (37A05) Relations between ergodic theory and number theory (37A44) Dynamical systems involving transformations and group actions with special properties (minimality, distality, proximality, expansivity, etc.) (37B05) Symbolic dynamics (37B10)
\textit{H. Furstenberg} [Math. Syst. Theory 1, 1--49 (1967; Zbl 0146.28502)] proved that a proper closed subset of \(\mathbb{T}=\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}\) invariant under multiplication by two multiplicatively independent integers \(p,q\geqslant2\) must be finite. In pursuit of an understanding of the dynamics behind this phenomenon, a faithful transitive action of a semigroup on a compact metric space is here called chaotic almost minimal if there is a dense set of points with finite orbit and every proper closed invariant set is finite. Similarly a semigroup is called chaotic almost minimal if it admits such an action; in this terminology Furstenberg's result shows that \(\mathbb{N}^2\) is chaotic almost minimal. Later work shows that \(\mathbb{N}^d\) and \(\mathbb{Z}^d\) also have this property for \(d\geqslant2\). Here the property is studied more generally, a chaotic almost minimal \(\mathbb{Z}\)-action is constructed, and chaotic almost minimal \(\mathbb{Z}^d\)-actions are found that support multiple distinct non-atomic ergodic probability measures.
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