Characterizations of weak R-duality and its application to Gabor frames

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In 2004, \textit{P. G. Casazza} et al. [J. Fourier Anal. Appl. 10, No. 4, 383--408 (2004; Zbl 1058.42020)] defined R-duals. Let \(u = \{u_{i}\}_{i\in I}\), \(v = \{v_{i}\}_{i\in I}\) be orthonormal bases for \(H\) and \(f = \{f_{i}\}_{i\in I}\) be a sequence in \(H\) such that \N\[\N\sum_{i \in I}|\langle f_{i}, u_{j}\rangle|^{2} < \infty,\ \forall j \in I.\N\]\NThen, the sequence \(w = \{w_{i}\}_{i\in I}\) given by \N\[\Nw_{j} =\sum_{i \in I}\langle f_{i}, u_{j}\rangle v_{i},\ j \in I,\N\]\Nis said to be an R-dual of \(f\) with respect to the orthonormal bases \(u\) and \(v\).\N\NIn 2020, \textit{Y.-Z. Li} and \textit{J. Dong} [Banach J. Math. Anal. 14, No. 2, 450--469 (2020; Zbl 1445.42022)], generalized R-duals to weak R-duals making use of Parseval frames \(u\) and \(v\) instead of orthonormal bases. Let \(u = \{u_{i}\}_{i\in I}\), \(v = \{v_{i}\}_{i\in I}\) be Parseval frames for \(H\) and \(f = \{f_{i}\}_{i\in I}\) be a sequence in \(H\) such that \N\[\N\sum_{i \in I}|\langle f_{i}, u_{j}\rangle|^{2} < \infty,\ \forall j \in I \text{ and } ((\langle v_{i}, v_{j}\rangle)_{i, j \in I}^{t}-\mathcal{I})(\langle f_{i}, u_{j}\rangle)_{i, j \in I}=0.\N\]\NThen, the sequence \(w = \{w_{i}\}_{i\in I}\) given by \N\[\Nw_{j} =\sum_{i \in I}\langle f_{i}, u_{j}\rangle v_{i},\ j \in I,\N\]\Nis called a weak R-dual of \(f\) with respect to the Parseval frames \(u\) and \(v\).\N\NCharacterizations of weak R-duals \(w\) of a given sequence \(f\) are given. These characterizations are applied to Gabor sequences. An approach to answer the problem of the adjoint Gabor system \(w\) being an R-dual of a given Gabor frame \(f\) is given. It is proved that the weak R-duality of the adjoint Gabor system leads to the R-duality of the same.











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