Classifying subcategories of modules

Structure, classification theorems for modules and ideals in commutative rings (13C05) Chain complexes (category-theoretic aspects), dg categories (18G35)

Abstract: In this paper, we classify certain subcategories of modules over a ring R. A wide subcategory of R-modules is an Abelian subcategory of R-Mod that is closed under extensions. We give a complete classification of wide subcategories of finitely presented modules when R is a quotient of a regular commutative coherent ring by a finitely generated ideal. This includes all finitely presented algebras over a principal ideal domain, as well as polynomial rings on infinitely many variable over a PID. The classification is in terms of subsets of Spec R, and depends heavily on Thomason's classification of thick subcategories of small objects in the derived category. We also classify all wide subcategories closed under arbitrary coproducts for any Noetherian commutative ring R. These correspond to arbitrary subsets of Spec R, and this classification depends on Neeman's classification of localizing subcategories of the derived category.

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Let \(R\) be a ring. A full subcategory \({\mathcal C}\) of R-mod is called wide if whenever \(f:M\to N\) is a map of \({\mathcal C}\), then the kernel and cokernel of \(f\) are in \({\mathcal C}\) and \({\mathcal C}\) is closed under extensions. In this paper, the author shows that the above notion is the analogue of thick subcategory in the derived category \({\mathcal D}(R)\) and classifies wide subcategories of finitely presented modules over a large class of commutative coherent rings, using the classification of the thick subcategories of small objects in \({\mathcal D}(R)\). The idea is to construct an adjunction \(f:{\mathcal L}_{\text{wide}}(R)\to {\mathcal L}_{\text{thick}} ({\mathcal D}(R))\), where \({\mathcal L}_{\text{wide}}(R)\) is the lattice of wide subcategories of \({\mathcal C}_0\), \({\mathcal C}_0\) the wide subcategory generated by \(R\) and \({\mathcal L}_{\text{thick}} ({\mathcal D}(R))\) is the lattice of thick subcategories of small objects in \({\mathcal D}(R)\). It turns out from the classification of thick subcategories in \({\mathcal D} (R)\) that \(f\) is surjective for all commutative rings \(R\) and when \(R\) is a regular coherent commutative ring then \(f\) is an isomorphism. The author also studies the relationship between wide subcategories of \(R\)-modules and wide subcategories of \(R/ \alpha\)-modules where \(\alpha\) is a two sided ideal in \(R\) and he extends his classification theorem for all rings \(R\) that are quotients of regular commutative coherent rings by finitely generated ideals. Finally, using Neeman's classification of localizing subcategories of \({\mathcal D}(R)\) for a Noetherian commutative ring \(R\), the author deduces a classification of wide subcategories of \(R\)-modules closed under direct sums.

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