Codifferential calculus

Set-valued operators (47H04) Set-valued and variational analysis (49J53) Hyperspaces in general topology (54B20) Set-valued maps in general topology (54C60)

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Consider a set-valued mapping \(F: X\twoheadrightarrow Z\) between Banach spaces \(X\) and \(Z\) with the dual spaces \(X^*\) and \(Z^*\), respectively. The basic \textit{coderivative} of \(F\) at \((\bar x, \bar z)\in \text{gph\;} F\) and \(z^*\in Z^*\) is given by \[ D^* F(\overline{x},\overline{z})(z^*):=\big\{x^*\in X^*\mid(x^*,-z^*)\in N\big((\overline{x},\overline{z});\text{gph\;} F\big)\} \] via the limiting/Mordukhovich nonconvex normal cone. One should emphasize that the very concept of coderivative was introduced by \textit{B. S. Mordukhovich} in [Sov. Math., Dokl. 22, 526--530 (1980); translation from Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 254, 1072--1076 (1980; Zbl 0491.49011)] where it was defined independently of the normal cone to the graph of a mapping. It has proved useful in many aspects of variational analysis and its applications. Many variants of coderivative have been introduced by replacing the limiting normal cone with a kind of normal cones known in the literature such as regular/Fréchet normal cone, Clarke normal cone, approximate/Ioffe normal cone, contingent cone, etc. In the paper under review, ``some exact calculus rules are obtained for calculating the coderivatives of the composition of two multivalued maps. Similar rules are displayed for sums. A crucial role is played by an intermediate set-valued mapping called the resolvent. We first establish inclusions for contingent, Fréchet and limiting coderivatives. Combining them, we get equality rules. The qualification conditions we present are natural and less exacting than classical conditions.

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