Colimit theorems for coarse coherence with applications

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Abstract: We establish two versions of a central theorem, the Family Colimit Theorem, for the coarse coherence property of metric spaces. This is a coarse geometric property and so is well-defined for finitely generated groups with word metrics. It is known that coarse coherence of the fundamental group has important implications for classification of high-dimensional manifolds. The Family Colimit Theorem is one of the permanence theorems that give structure to the class of coarsely coherent groups. In fact, all known permanence theorems follow from the Family Colimit Theorem. We also use this theorem to construct new groups from this class.


Let \(X\) be a proper metric space, \(\mathcal{P}(X)\) be the set of subsets of \(X\), \(F\) be an \(R\) a module and \(\mathcal{I}(F)\) the set of submodules of \(F\). An \(X\)-filtered \(R\)-module is functor \(\mathcal{P}(X)\to \mathcal{I}(F)\), where the morphisms are inclusions respectively and such that the value of \(X\) is \(F\). Denote by \(F(S)\) as the value of the functor on \(S\subseteq X\), the functor is reduced if \(F(\emptyset )=0\). Let \(F\) be an \(X\)-filtered \(R\)-module -- \(F\) is called \(D\)-\textit{lean} if there is a number \(D\geq 0\) such that for every subset \(S\subseteq X\) and \(u\in F(S)\) there is a decomposition \(u=\sum_{x\in S}u_{x}\) with each \(u_{x}\in x[D]\) and finitely many \(u_{x}\) and non-zero. \(F\) is called \textit{scattered} if there is a number \(D'\geq 0\) such that for each \(u\in F\), \(u=\sum_{x\in X}u_{x}\) where \(u_{x}\in F(x[D])\) and only finitely many \(u_{x}\) are non-zero. \(F\) is called \(\textit{insular}\) if there is a number \(d\geq 0\) such that any element \(u\in F(S)\cap F(T)\) implies that \(u\in F(S[d]\cap T[d])\). \(F\) is locally finitely generated if \(F(S)\) is finitely generated for all bounded sets \(S\subseteq X\). Given a real number \(r\geq 0\) and a subset \(S\subset X\) the set \(S[r]\) is the set \(\{ x\in X| d(x,S)\leq r\}\). Let \(X\) be a metric space and \[ 0\to E'\xrightarrow{f} E\xrightarrow{g} E\to 0 \] be an exact sequence of \(X\)-filtered \(R\)-modules with \(f\) and \(g\) bicontrolled maps. \(X\) is \textit{coarsely coherent} if every time that \(E\) is lean and \(E\) insular implies that \(E'\) is scattered for every exact sequence as above. \(X\) is \textit{weakly coarsely coherent} if if every time that \(E\) is both lean and insular and and \(E\) insular implies that \(E'\) is scattered for every exact sequence as above. Let \(\{X_{\alpha}\}\)be a family of metric spaces. This is called \textit{coarsely coherent} if for all exact sequences of \(X_{\alpha}\)-filtered \(R\)-modules \[ 0\to E'_{\alpha}\xrightarrow{f_{\alpha}} E_{\alpha}\xrightarrow{g_{\alpha}} E_{\alpha}\to 0. \] We have that whenever all \(E_{\alpha}\) are \(D\)-lean, all \(E_{\alpha}\) are \(d\)-insular and all \(f_{\alpha}\) and \(g_{\alpha}\) are bi-controlled, it follows that all \(E'_{\alpha}\) are \(\partial\)-scattered for some uniform constant \(\partial\geq 0\). The main result in this paper is the following: Theorem. Let \(\{X_{\alpha}\}\) be a family of coarsely coherent metric spaces. Le \(\mathcal{D}\) be a diagram of metric spaces where the nodes are members of \(\{X_{\alpha}\}\) and all structure maps are isometric embeddings. Let \(X\) be the colimit of \(\mathcal{D}\). Then (1) \(X\) is weakly coarsely coherent and (2) \(X\) is coarsely coherent if there exist distance-nonincreasing functions \(\tau_{\alpha}:X\to X_{\alpha}\) such that \(d(x,\tau_{\alpha}(x))\leq d(x,X_{\alpha})+\epsilon_{\alpha}\) for all \(x\in X\) and some \(\epsilon_{\alpha}\geq 0\). As an application of this result, the authors prove that the wreath product, \(\mathbb{Z}\wr\mathbb{Z}\), is coarsely coherent.











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