Collineations of smooth stable planes
In general, collineations of stable planes behave less nicely than in the special case of compact projective planes, although there is extra rigidity caused by the presence of nonintersecting lines. The paper under review treats smooth stable planes as introduced by the author [Result. Math. 31, No. 3-4, 300-321 (1997; Zbl 0882.51007)], and shows that their collineations are much better behaved (in some respects, better than in the nonsmooth projective case). From the possibility of introducing coordinates from a smooth local ternary field it is deduced that all collineations are smooth maps, hence by results of Montgomery and Zippin they form a smooth Lie transformation group \(\Gamma\). The tangent space at a point inherits the structure of a topological affine translation plane in a natural way (loc. cit.), and the stabilizer \(\Gamma_p\) of a point acts as a collineation group on this tangent plane. Thus for the induced action, very strong results are available, most of them due to Hähl, and attention is therefore shifted to the kernel, i.e., the set of collineations fixing \(p\) and inducing the identity on its tangent translation plane. It turns out that this kernel is closely related to the central collineations (fixing all lines through \(c\)), so they become the object of closer investigation. In a projective plane, a central collineation automatically has an axis (a line fixed pointwise) and vice versa. This is not true in general stable planes; in fact, there can be a center and a semi-axis, containing an open set of fixed points without being an axis. By a careful analysis, using results of the reviewer [Geom. Dedicata 10, 283-315 (1981; Zbl 0463.51016)], the author succeeds in ruling out this possibility in the smooth case. In particular, the kernel above consists of all elations (having center \(p\) and an axis passing through \(p\)). The derivation technique now yields that several interesting subgroups of \(\Gamma\) (such as the stabilizer of a triangle and any closed connected solvable group fixing a point) are linear Lie groups. The group of elations with center \(p\) is Abelian, and its connected component is a vector group. A group of homologies (with a fixed non-incident center and axis) can always be embedded as a subgroup of a homology group of the classical plane of the appropriate dimension. The last two results are not known to be true in the compact projective case. The final section contains a number of results on reflections, some of which are again stronger than what is known in the projective case. E.g., there are no two commuting reflections with the same center, and at most one reflection with a given center and axis. In contrast to many existing results on stable planes, those of the present paper apply to planes of arbitrary dimension.
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