Compact packings of the plane with two sizes of discs

DOI10.1007/S00454-005-1172-4MaRDI QIDQ818685zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Tom Kennedy

Publication date 21 March 2006

Published in Discrete \& Computational Geometry (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0407145

zbMATH Keywords

circle packingstwo-size packings

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Packing and covering in (2) dimensions (aspects of discrete geometry) (52C15)

Abstract: We consider packings of the plane using discs of radius 1 and r. A packing is compact if every disc D is tangent to a sequence of discs D_1, D_2, ..., D_n such that D_i is tangent to D_{i+1}. We prove that there are only nine values of r with r<1 for which such packings are possible. For each of the nine values we describe the possible compact packings.

Review text

The maximal density \(\pi/\sqrt{12}\) of a packing of congruent discs in the Euclidean plane is well known. The ``next open question is to find the densest two-size packings, packings in the plane using discs of radius \(1\) and \(r\) \((0<r<1)\). For six special values of \(r\), \textit{A. Heppes} [Discrete Comput. Geom. 30, 241--262 (2003; Zbl 1080.52510)] has given the densest packing and has shown that the densest packing is compact. A disc packing is compact if each disc is tangent to a ring of other discs, each of which is tangent to two further ones of the ring. In the present paper it is proved that there are only nine values of \(r\) for which compact two-size packings are possible. For the three values not considered by Heppes, the author describes the possible compact packings.

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