Compactifications of topological groups
compactificationgroup of isometriesRoelcke compactificationthe greatest ambitthe universal minimal compact \(G\)-spacetopological groupUrysohn universal metric spaceweakly almost periodic compactification
Structure of general topological groups (22A05) Structure of topological semigroups (22A15) General theory of group and pseudogroup actions (22F05) Extensions of spaces (compactifications, supercompactifications, completions, etc.) (54D35) Transformation groups and semigroups (topological aspects) (54H15) Topological properties of groups of homeomorphisms or diffeomorphisms (57S05)
This paper presents notes taken of the author's lecture given at the 9th Prague Topological Symposium on August 24, 2001. The \textit{greatest ambit} \(\mathcal S(G)\) of a topological group \(G\) is the compactification corresponding to the algebra of all right uniformly continuous bounded functions on \(G\). In Section 2 of the paper the author proves that for every topological group \(G\) the greatest ambit \(\mathcal S(G)\) has the natural structure of a left topological semigroup with identity such that the semigroup operation \(\mathcal S(G)\times\mathcal S(G)\rightarrow\mathcal S(G)\) extends the action \(G\times\mathcal S(G)\rightarrow\mathcal S(G)\). A universal minimal compact \(G\)-space \(M_G\) is characterized by the following properties: (1) \(M_G\) has no proper closed \(G\)-invariant subsets; (2) for any compact \(G\)-space \(Y\) there exists a \(G\)-map \(M_G\rightarrow Y\). A group \(G\) is \textit{extremely amenable} if \(M_G\) is a singleton. In Section 3 the author gives some properties of a universal minimal compact \(G\)-space and he discusses some results and questions by Vladimir G. Pestov and Eli Glasner on extremely amenable groups [see \textit{T. Giordano} and \textit{V. G. Pestov}, Some extremely amenable groups, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Sér. I, Math. (to appear); \textit{E. Glasner}, Topology Appl. 85, No. 1-3, 119-125 (1998; Zbl 0923.54030); \textit{V. G. Pestov}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 350, No. 10, 4149-4165 (1998; Zbl 0911.54034); \textit{V. G. Pestov}, M. G. Nerurkar (ed.) et al., Topological dynamics and applications. A volume in honor of Robert Ellis. Proceedings of a conference in honor of the retirement of Robert Ellis, Minneapolis, MN, USA, April 5-6, 1995. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society. Contemp. Math. 215, 83-99 (1998; Zbl 0891.54018); \textit{V. G. Pestov}, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Sér. I, Math. 328, No. 8, 669-674 (1999; Zbl 0931.43002); \textit{V. G. Pestov}, Topology Proc. 24, No. Summer, 421-502 (2001); and \textit{V. G. Pestov}, Isr. J. Math. 127, 317-358 (2002)]. The next section is devoted to the Roelcke compactification \(R(G)\) of a topological group. In Section 5 the author discusses the weakly almost periodic compactification \(W(G)\) of a topological group \(G\) and M. Megreshvili's result that the weakly almost periodic compactification of the group \(H_+([0,1])\) of all orientation-preserving homomorphisms of the unit interval \([0,1]\) is a singleton and every weakly almost periodic function on \(H_+([0,1])\) is constant [see \textit{Michael G. Megrelishvili}, Semigroup Forum 63, 357-370 (2001)]. In Section 6 the author considers the group \(Is(U)\) of isometries of the Urysohn universal metric space \(U\). He sketches the proof of the fact that every topological group with a countable basis is isomorphic to a topological subgroup of the group \(Is(U)\) [see \textit{V. V. Uspenskij}, Commentat. Math. Univ. Carol. 31, No. 1, 181-182 (1990; Zbl 0699.54011)]. Also topological properties of \(Is(U)\) and the group \(Is(U_1)\) of isometries of the Urysohn universal metric space in the class of spaces of diameters \(\leq 1\) are discussed. We remark that most of the results and ideas of this paper can be found in Pestov's survey [\textit{V. G. Pestov}, Topology Proc. 24, No. Summer, 421-502 (2001)]. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0983.00046].
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