Comparison of model equations for small-amplitude long waves

DOI10.1016/S0362-546X(99)00100-5MaRDI QIDQ4700433zbMATH OpenWikidataFDO

Authors Hongqiu Chen, Jerry L. Bona

Publication date 19 November 2000

Published in Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods & Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/S0362-546X(99)00100-5

zbMATH Keywords

KdV-equationlong wavesmodel equationsRLW-equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

KdV equations (Korteweg-de Vries equations) (35Q53) Water waves, gravity waves; dispersion and scattering, nonlinear interaction (76B15)

Review text

Consider a body of water of finite depth under the influence of gravity, bounded below by a flat, impermeable surface. If viscous and surface tension effects are ignored, and assuming that the flow is incompressible and irrotational, the fluid motion is governed by the Euler equations together with suitable boundary conditions on the rigid surfaces and on the air-water interface. In special regimes, the Euler equations admit of simpler, approximate models that describe pretty well the fluid response to a disturbance. In situations where the wavelength is long and the amplitude is small relative to the undisturbed depth, and if the Stokes number is of order one, then various model equations have been derived. Two of the most standard are the KdV-equation \[ u_t+u_x+ uu_x+u_{xxx} =0\tag{1} \] and the RLW-equation \[ u_t+ u_x+uu_x- u_{xxt}=0. \tag{2} \] Bona, Pritchard and Scott showed that solutions of these two evolution equations agree to the neglected order of approximation over a long time scale, if the initial disturbance in question is genuinely of small-amplitude and long-wavelength. The same formal argument that allows one to infer (2) from (1) in small-amplitude, long-wavelength regimes also produces a third equation, namely \[ u_t+ux+ uu_x+u_{xtt} =0.\tag{3} \] These models (1)--(3) are compared in the paper.

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