Complementarity in quantum walks

DOI10.1088/1751-8121/ACDCD0MaRDI QIDQ6161383zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Andrzej Grudka, Paweł Kurzyński, Jan Wójcik, Antoni Wójcik

Publication date 27 June 2023

Published in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.05445

zbMATH Keywords

complementaritymutually unbiased basesquantum walks

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Estimates of eigenvalues in context of PDEs (35P15) Hilbert and pre-Hilbert spaces: geometry and topology (including spaces with semidefinite inner product) (46C05) Sums of independent random variables; random walks (60G50) Applications of Markov chains and discrete-time Markov processes on general state spaces (social mobility, learning theory, industrial processes, etc.) (60J20) Orbital mechanics (70M20) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in mechanics of particles and systems (70S15) General and philosophical questions in quantum theory (81P05) Special bases (entangled, mutual unbiased, etc.) (81P55) Phase transitions (general) in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B26) Complementarity and equilibrium problems and variational inequalities (finite dimensions) (aspects of mathematical programming) (90C33)

Abstract: We study discrete-time quantum walks on $d$-cycles with a position and coin-dependent phase-shift. Such a model simulates a dynamics of a quantum particle moving on a ring with an artificial gauge field. In our case the amplitude of the phase-shift is governed by a single discrete parameter $q$. We solve the model analytically and observe that for prime $d$ there exists a strong complementarity property between the eigenvectors of two quantum walk evolution operators that act in the $2d$-dimensional Hilbert space. Namely, if $d$ is prime the corresponding eigenvectors of the evolution operators obey $|langle{v}_q|v{\text{'}}_{q^{\prime }}angle|leq1/sqrtd$ for $qeq{q}^{\prime }$ and for all $|v_{q}angle$ and $|v{\text{'}}_{q^{\prime }}angle$. We also discuss dynamical consequences of this complementarity. Finally, we show that the complementarity is still present in the continuous version of this model, which corresponds to a one-dimensional Dirac particle.

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Cited in

(2)

• The meeting problem in the quantum walk
• Quantum walks in weak stochastic gauge fields

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