Complex curve of the two-matrix model and its tau-function

DOI10.1088/0305-4470/36/12/315MaRDI QIDQ4443887zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Vladimir A. Kazakov, Andrei Marshakov

Publication date 19 January 2004

Published in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0211236

zbMATH Keywords

planar approximationsupersymmetric gauge theorytau-functiontwo-matrix model

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Completely integrable infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems, integration methods, integrability tests, integrable hierarchies (KdV, KP, Toda, etc.) (37K10) Continuum limits in quantum field theory (81T27) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20) Exactly solvable models; Bethe ansatz (82B23)

Abstract: We study the hermitean and normal two matrix models in planar approximation for an arbitrary number of eigenvalue supports. Its planar graph interpretation is given. The study reveals a general structure of the underlying analytic complex curve, different from the hyperelliptic curve of the one matrix model. The matrix model quantities are expressed through the periods of meromorphic generating differential on this curve and the partition function of the multiple support solution, as a function of filling numbers and coefficients of the matrix potential, is shown to be the quasiclassical tau-function. The relation to softly broken N=1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories is discussed. A general class of solvable multimatrix models with tree-like interactions is considered.

Review text

The two-matrix model was proposed and studied in \textit{V. A. Kazakov} [Phys. Lett. A 119, 140--144 (1986)] as an important solvable example of a new class of statistical-mechanical systems: spins with nearest-neighbor interaction on planar graphs. Matrix models were the first physical example when the partition functions were directly related to tau-functions of integrable systems \textit{A. Gerasimov}, \textit{A. Marshakov}, \textit{A. Mironov}, \textit{A. Morozov} and \textit{A. Orlov} [Nucl. Phys. B 357, 565--618 (1991)]. The relation between the (quantum) partition functions and tau-functions of (classical) integrable systems is still rather intriguing, it appears to be much more universal than one could have expected. The similarity between matrix models and supersymmetric gauge theories based on the similarity of their integrable structures was noted by \textit{A. Gorsky} and \textit{A. Marshakov} [Phys. Lett. B 375, No.1--4, 127-134 (1996; Zbl 0997.81546)]. The overwhelming part of the work on the matrix models in the planar (large N) limit concerned the so-called one-cut case, when the eigenvalues form a single-support distribution. In this paper the authors study the multi-support solutions in the two-matrix model. As in the one-matrix model case, these solutions are formulated in terms of the geometry of the underlying complex curve endowed with a generating differential and a quasiclassical tau-function. They also study an important degenerate case of real potentials and demonstrate the consistency of the tau-function approach with the planar graph expansion (in terms of a multi-phase Ising system on the graphs) for the multi-support solution in the two-matrix model. The suggested method of constraction of the algebraic curve of the two-matrix model is powerful enough to be generalizable to the more general multi-matrix models with so-called tree-like interactions of matrices.

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Cited in

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• Matrix models, complex geometry, and integrable systems: I
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• Free energy of the two-matrix model/dToda tau-function
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• Chern-Simons theory, 2d Yang-Mills, and Lie algebra wanderers

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