Complexity of virtual multistrings

DOI10.1142/S0219199721500668MaRDI QIDQ5095856zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors

Publication date 11 August 2022

Published in Communications in Contemporary Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.01340

zbMATH Keywords

curves on surfacesminimalityvirtual homotopyvirtual knotsvirtual strings

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Generalized knots (virtual knots, welded knots, quandles, etc.) (57K12) 2-dimensional topology (including mapping class groups of surfaces, Teichmüller theory, curve complexes, etc.) (57K20)

Abstract: A virtual $n$-string $alpha$ is a collection of $n$ oriented smooth generic loops on a surface $M$. A stabilization of $alpha$ is a surgery that results in attaching a handle to $M$ along disks avoiding $alpha$, and the inverse operation is a destabilization of $alpha$. We consider virtual $n$-strings up to virtual homotopy, i.e., sequences of stabilizations, destabilizations, and homotopies of $alpha$. Recently, Cahn proved that any virtual $1$-string can be virtually homotoped to a genus-minimal and crossing-minimal representative by monotonically decreasing both genus and the number of self-intersections. We generalize her result to the case of connected non-parallel $n$-strings. Cahn also proved that any two crossing-irreducible representatives of a virtual $1$-string are related by Type 3 moves, stabilizations, and destabilizations. Kadokami claimed that this held for virtual $n$-strings in general, but Gibson found a counterexample for $5$-strings. We show that Kadokami's statement holds for connected non-parallel $n$-strings and exhibit a counterexample for $3$-strings.

Recommendations

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Cites work

• A generalization of Turaev’s virtual string cobracket and self-intersections of virtual strings
• A SEQUENCE OF DEGREE ONE VASSILIEV INVARIANTS FOR VIRTUAL KNOTS
• Detecting Non-Triviality of Virtual Links
• Multistring based matrices
• On tabulating virtual strings
• Parity in knot theory and graph-links
• Shortening curves on surfaces
• STABLE EQUIVALENCE OF KNOTS ON SURFACES AND VIRTUAL KNOT COBORDISMS
• Virtual knot theory
• Virtual strings.

Cited in

(4)

• On tabulating virtual strings
• Non-standard stringology: algorithms and complexity
• Connected sum and crossing numbers of flat virtual knots
• FlatKnotInfo: the first 1.24 million flat knots

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