Compressions, graphs, and hyperreflexivity

DOI10.1006/JFAN.1996.3005MaRDI QIDQ1354592zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 7 January 1999

Published in Journal of Functional Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1006/jfan.1996.3005

analytic Toeplitz operator compressions hyperreflexivity normal operator reflexivity strictly separating vector weighted shifts

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Invariant subspaces of linear operators (47A15) Dilations, extensions, compressions of linear operators (47A20) Abstract operator algebras on Hilbert spaces (47L30)

Review text

For a Hilbert space \(H\) let \({\mathcal B}(H)\) denote the set of bounded linear operators on \(H\). A linear subspace \(L\) of \({\mathcal B}(H)\) is reflexive if any operator \(T\) in \(B(H)\) with \(Tx\in \overline{\{Sx: S\in L\}}\) for every \(x\) in \(H\) is in \(L\), and is hyperreflexive if there is a \(K\geq 1\) such that for every \(T\) in \(B(H)\) the inequality \(\text{dist} (T,L)\leq K\sup \{\text{dist} (Tx,Lx): x\in H\), \(\| x\|\leq 1\}\) holds. It is obvious that hyperreflexivity is stronger than reflexivity and gives a quantitative measure of the degree of the latter. An operator \(T\) is reflexive (hyperreflexive) if the unital weakly closed algebra generated by \(T\) is. It follows from the very definition that a reflexive operator has many invariant subspaces. The notion of reflexivity goes back to D. E. Sarason in the 1960s when he proved that every normal operator and every analytic Toeplitz operator is reflexive. In a previous paper [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 344, No. 1, 325-360 (1994; Zbl 0802.46010)], the author studied some very general versions of reflexivity and hyperreflexivity. The ideas there are extended in this paper to prove similar results pertaining to compressions rather than summands. Such general results, when specialized to operators, yield the following ones, to name a few: (1) if \(A\) and \(B\) are injective unilateral weighted shifts, then \(A\oplus B\) is reflexive (due to Hadwin and Nordgren), (2) if \(A\) and \(B\) are \(A_{\aleph_0}\)-contractions, then \(A\oplus B\) is hyperreflexive, (3) if \(A\) and \(B\) are weighted shifts (forward or backward, unilateral or bilateral) with \(\| A\|=\| B\|= r(A)= r(B)\), then \(A\oplus B\) is hyperreflexive (here \(r(.)\) denotes the spectral radius), (4) the linear span of any single operator is hyperreflexive (due to Kraus and Larson), (5) every reflexive algebraic operator is hyperreflexive, and (6) if \(T\) is a strictly cyclic operator, then \(T\oplus T\) and \(T\oplus T^*\) are hyperreflexive.

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