Congruence formulas for Legendre modular polynomials

Abstract: Let

p g e q 5

be a prime number. We generalize the results of E. de Shalit about supersingular

j

-invariants in characteristic

p

. We consider supersingular elliptic curves with a basis of

2

-torsion over

o v e r l i n e {m a t h b f F}_{p}

, or equivalently supersingular Legendre

l a m b d a

-invariants. Let

F_{p} (X, Y) i n m a t h b f Z [X, Y]

be the

p

-th modular polynomial for

l a m b d a

-invariants. A simple generalization of Kronecker's classical congruence shows that

R (X) := f r a c F_{p} (X, X^{p}) p

is in

m a t h b f Z [X]

. We give a formula for

R (l a m b d a)

if

l a m b d a

is a supersingular. This formula is related to the Manin--Drinfeld pairing used in the

p

-adic uniformization of the modular curve

X (G a m m a_{0} (p) c a p G a m m a (2))

. This pairing was computed explicitly modulo principal units in a previous work of both authors. Furthermore, if

l a m b d a

is supersingular and lives in

m a t h b f F_{p}

, then we also express

R (l a m b d a)

in terms of a CM lift (which are showed to exist) of the Legendre elliptic curve associated to

l a m b d a

.

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