Higher Eisenstein elements, higher Eichler formulas and rank of Hecke algebras

DOI10.1007/S00222-020-00996-1MaRDI QIDQ2225236zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Emmanuel Lecouturier

Publication date 5 February 2021

Published in Inventiones Mathematicae (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.09114

zbMATH Keywords

Eichler mass formulaEisenstein idealHecke moduleshigher Eisenstein elements

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Congruences for modular and (p)-adic modular forms (11F33) Galois representations (11F80) Elliptic curves over global fields (11G05)

Abstract: Let $N$ and $p$ be primes such that $p$ divides the numerator of $fracN-112$. In this paper, we study the rank $g_p$ of the completion of the Hecke algebra acting on cuspidal modular forms of weight $2$ and level $Gamm{a}_0(N)$ at the $p$-maximal Eisenstein ideal. We give in particular an explicit criterion to know if $g_{p}geq3$, thus answering partially a question of Mazur. In order to study $g_p$, we develop the theory of extit{higher Eisenstein elements}, and compute the first few such elements in four different Hecke modules. This has applications such as generalizations of the Eichler mass formula in characteristic $p$.

Review text

Let \(N\) and \(p\) be primes such that \(p\) divides the numerator of \(\frac{N-1}{12}\). Let \(g_p\) denote the rank of the completion of the Hecke algebra acting on cuspidal modular forms of weight \(2\) and level \(\Gamma_0(N)\) at the \(p\)-maximal Eisenstein ideal. \textit{B. Mazur} asked [Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 47, 33--186 (1977; Zbl 0394.14008)] what can be said about \(g_p\). \textit{L. Merel} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 477, 71--115 (1996; Zbl 0859.11036)] was first to give explicit criterion to know if \(g_p>1\) (for \(p\geq 5\)). The author gives explicit criterion to know if \(g_p>2\) (Theorem 1.2). In order to prove Theorem 1.2 (and much more) he develops the theory of higher Eisenstein elements.

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