Congruence of multilinear forms

DOI10.1016/J.LAA.2006.03.003MaRDI QIDQ855566zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors G. Belitskii, Vladimir V. Sergeichuk

Publication date 7 December 2006

Published in Linear Algebra and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0710.0834

zbMATH Keywords

canonical formsequivalence

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Canonical forms, reductions, classification (15A21) Multilinear algebra, tensor calculus (15A69)

Abstract: It is known that if A and B are two n-by-n complex matrices and (A,A^T) is simultaneously equivalent to (B,B^T), then A is congruent to B. We extend this statement to multilinear forms.

Review text

In this article the authors study, on finite dimensional spaces \(U\) and \(V\) over a field \(K\) of characteristic zero, some properties of multilinear forms which extend the corresponding results known for bilinear forms on real and complex spaces. In the first half of the paper the concepts of congruence and symmetric equivalence of \(n\)-linear forms are discussed. Two multilinear forms \(F\colon U\times\dots\times U\to K\) and \(G\colon V\times\dots\times V\to K\) are said to be symmetrically equivalent if there exist isomorphisms \(\varphi_1,\dots,\varphi_n\colon U\to V\) such that \(F(u_1, \dots, u_n)= G(\varphi_{\sigma(1)}u_1,\dots,\varphi_{\sigma(n)}u_n)\) for all \(u_1, \dots, u_n\in U\) and any permutation \(\sigma\) on \(\{1,\dots,n\}\). The forms are said to be congruent if all the isomorphisms are equal. The authors prove, for the complex case, that symmetric equivalence implies congruence. To obtain a similar result for the real case, the authors study direct compositions of multilinear forms and devote the second half of the article to this matter. It is known that every bilinear form over \(\mathbb R\) or \(\mathbb C\) decomposes into a direct sum of indecomposable forms uniquely up to congruence of summands. The authors prove, over any field \(K\) of characteristic zero, that whenever \(n\geq 3\): (a) If \(F=F'\oplus F_0\) with \(F'\) having nonzero summands and if \(U=U'\oplus U_0\) is the corresponding decomposition of \(U\), then \(U_0\) is uniquely determined by \(F\) and \(F'\) is determined up to congruence. (b) If \(F\) has nonzero summands, with \(F=F_1\oplus \cdots \oplus F_s\) its decomposition into a direct sum of indecomposable forms and \(U=U_1\oplus\cdots\oplus U_s\) is the corresponding decomposition of \(U\), then \(U_1,\dots, U_s\) are determined by \(F\) uniquely up to permutations. Also, the authors show an example of a bilinear form for which statement (b) does not hold.

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Cites work

• Canonical forms for complex matrix congruence and \(^{*}\)-congruence
• CLASSIFICATION PROBLEMS FOR SYSTEMS OF FORMS AND LINEAR MAPPINGS
• Congruences of a square matrix and its transpose

Cited in

(10)

• A coincidence theorem for symmetric multilinear forms
• Congruence of matrix spaces, matrix tuples, and multilinear maps
• The quantum group of a preregular multilinear form.
• Decomposable quadratic forms and involutions
• On non-singular multilinear maps
• Symmetric Powers of Symmetric Bilinear Forms
• A note on extensions of multilinear maps defined on multilinear varieties
• Multilinear forms which are products of linear forms
• Nonsingular bilinear forms on direct sums of ideals
• Centers of multilinear forms and applications

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