Congruences modulo 2 for certain partition functions
A partition is \(\ell\)-regular if none of its parts is a multiple of \(\ell\). Denote the number of \(\ell\)-regular partitions of \(n\) by \(b_\ell(n)\). The generating function is NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\sum_{n=0}^\infty b_\ell(n)q^n = \frac{(q^\ell;q^\ell)_\infty}{(q;q)_\infty}.NEWLINE\]NEWLINE There are many families of congruences for \(b_\ell(n)\) of the type found by \textit{E. X. W. Xia} and \textit{O. X. M. Yao} [Ramanujan J. 34, No. 1, 109--117 (2014; Zbl 1308.11093)]: NEWLINE\[NEWLINEb_9\Big(2^{6j+4}n+\frac{5\cdot2^{6j+3}-1}{3}\Big)\equiv0\pmod 2,NEWLINE\]NEWLINE for all nonnegative integers \(j\) and \(n\). The authors study the partition function \(b_{3,5}(n)\) which counts the number of partitions of \(n\) none of whose parts are multiples of 3 or 5. The generating function takes a similar form NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\sum_{n=0}^\infty b_{3,5}(n)q^n = \frac{(q^3;q^3)_\infty (q^5;q^5)_\infty}{(q;q)_\infty (q^{15};q^{15})_\infty}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE and similar families of congruences emerge. One example from the paper is NEWLINE\[NEWLINEb_{3,5}\Big(2\cdot p^{2j+2}n+\frac{(6i+2p)p^{2j+1}+1}{3}\Big)\equiv0\pmod2,NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where \(p\) is an odd prime with \((-15/p)=-1, 1\leq i\leq p-1\) and \(j, n\geq 0\). The congruences are obtained by using Ramanujan's theta function identities and repeated application of a \(p\)-dissection formula of \textit{S.-P. Cui} and \textit{N. S. S. Gu} [Adv. Appl. Math. 51, No. 4, 507--523 (2013; Zbl 1281.05013)]. Similar congruences modulo 2 are obtained for broken 7-diamond partitions.
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