Continuity of the maximum-entropy inference
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Abstract: We study the inverse problem of inferring the state of a finite-level quantum system from expected values of a fixed set of observables, by maximizing a continuous ranking function. We have proved earlier that the maximum-entropy inference can be a discontinuous map from the convex set of expected values to the convex set of states because the image contains states of reduced support, while this map restricts to a smooth parametrization of a Gibbsian family of fully supported states. Here we prove for arbitrary ranking functions that the inference is continuous up to boundary points. This follows from a continuity condition in terms of the openness of the restricted linear map from states to their expected values. The openness condition shows also that ranking functions with a discontinuous inference are typical. Moreover it shows that the inference is continuous in the restriction to any polytope which implies that a discontinuity belongs to the quantum domain of non-commutative observables and that a geodesic closure of a Gibbsian family equals the set of maximum-entropy states. We discuss eight descriptions of the set of maximum-entropy states with proofs of accuracy and an analysis of deviations.
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Cited in
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- A non-commutative Bayes' theorem
- Maximum-entropy inference and inverse continuity of the numerical range
- Signatures of quantum phase transitions from the boundary of the numerical range
- Operator systems and convex sets with many normal cones
- Continuity of the maximum-entropy inference: convex geometry and numerical ranges approach
- Pre-images of extreme points of the numerical range, and applications
- Discontinuity of maximum entropy inference and quantum phase transitions
- Theoretical investigations of an information geometric approach to complexity
- In defense of the maximum entropy inference process
- A variational principle for ground spaces
- Rules of proof for maximal entropy inference
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