Continuum limit of lattice approximation schemes
The article is devoted to the investigation of properties of a continuum limit of lattice approximation schemes in the boundary-layer perturbation theory. A boundary-layer problem is a differential equation and an associated set of boundary conditions in which the highest derivative in the differential equation is multiplied by a small parameter \(\delta\). The solution to a boundary-layer problem consists of two regions: an inner region, called a boundary layer, in which the solution is rapidly varying, and an outer region in which the solution is slowly varying. The width of the inner region vanishes as \(\delta\to 0\). Boundary-layer problems are singular perturbation problems. This means that the solution to the boundary-layer problem does not have a convergent Taylor series representation in powers of \(\delta\). When a boundary-layer problem is discretized by introducing a lattice with lattice spacing \(a\), then the resulting problem often becomes a regular perturbation problem (one whose solution has the form of a Taylor series in powers of \(\delta\)). This transformation from a singular to a regular perturbation problem is the differential equation analog of the lattice regulation that occurs in the context of quantum field theory. In the article, the authors suggested an approach to the above-mentioned problem which is to enumerate several criteria that enable to choose uniquely the optimal discretization scheme for the differential equation. In Section II, the authors examine the instant solution to a cubic nonlinear differential equation \[ \delta^2 y(x)= [y(x)]^3- y(x),\;y(0)= 0,\;y(\infty)= 1. \] In Section II, the authors study an oscillator having a quadratic nonlinearity: \[ \delta^2 y(x)= [y(x)]^2- 2y(x),\;y(\pm\infty)= 2. \] In Section IV, the authors analyze the problem of a boundary-layer solution to the Blasius equation: \[ \delta y'(x)+ y(x)y(x)= 0,\;y(0)= 0,\;y'(0)= 0,\;y'(\infty)= 1. \] {}.
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