Convergence analysis of a discontinuous Galerkin method for a sub-diffusion equation
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fractional operatorGalerkin methodinitial-boundary value problemnumerical exampleRiemann-Liouville operatorspatial discretization errorsub-diffusion equationsub-optimal convergencetime discretization errorvariable step sizes
Fractional derivatives and integrals (26A33) Initial-boundary value problems for second-order parabolic equations (35K20) Integro-partial differential equations (45K05) Stability and convergence of numerical methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M12) Error bounds for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M15) Finite element, Rayleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M60) Numerical methods for integral equations (65R20)
The paper is concerned with the initial-boundary value problem \({\partial}_t u + {\partial}_t^{-\alpha}Au = f \quad \text{for } 0<t<T\) where \(u=u_0\) at \(t=0\), and where the fractional operator of order \(-1 < \alpha < 0\) is a Riemann-Liouville operator. The authors present a Galerkin-type method which is based on a modified implicit Euler approach for the time variation, and prove sub-optimal convergence in a general setting and optimal convergence under more restrictions that require, in practice, the adoption of variable step sizes. The later part of the paper considers how the spatial discretization error combines with the time discretization error and the paper concludes with a numerical example.
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