Coordinate sum and difference sets of d-dimensional modular hyperbolas

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Coordinate sum and difference sets of \(d\)-dimensional modular hyperbolas




Abstract: Many problems in additive number theory, such as Fermat's last theorem and the twin prime conjecture, can be understood by examining sums or differences of a set with itself. A finite set AsubsetmathbbZ is considered sum-dominant if |A+A|>|AA|. If we consider all subsets of 0,1,...,n1, as noinfty it is natural to expect that almost all subsets should be difference-dominant, as addition is commutative but subtraction is not; however, Martin and O'Bryant in 2007 proved that a positive percentage are sum-dominant as noinfty. This motivates the study of "coordinate sum dominance". Given , we call S:=x+y:(x,y)inV a coordinate sumset and D:=xy:(x,y)inV a coordinate difference set, and we say V is coordinate sum dominant if |S|>|D|. An arithmetically interesting choice of V is , which is the reduction modulo n of the modular hyperbola . In 2009, Eichhorn, Khan, Stein, and Yankov determined the sizes of S and D for and investigated conditions for coordinate sum dominance. We extend their results to reduced d-dimensional modular hyperbolas with a coprime to n.











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