Critically fixed Thurston maps: classification, recognition, and twisting

MaRDI QIDQ6422103zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Mikhail Hlushchanka, Nikolai Prochorov

Publication date 30 December 2022

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Dynamics of complex polynomials, rational maps, entire and meromorphic functions; Fatou and Julia sets (37F10) Combinatorics and topology in relation with holomorphic dynamical systems (37F20)

Abstract: An orientation-preserving branched covering map $fcolon{S}^{2}o{S}^2$ is called a critically fixed Thurston map if $f$ fixes each of its critical points. It was recently shown that there is an explicit one-to-one correspondence between M"obius conjugacy classes of critically fixed rational maps and isomorphism classes of planar embedded connected graphs. In the paper, we generalize this result to the whole family of critically fixed Thurston maps. Namely, we show that each critically fixed Thurston map $f$ is obtained by applying the blow-up operation, introduced by Kevin Pilgrim and Tan Lei, to a pair $(G,varphi)$, where $G$ is a planar embedded graph in $S^2$ without isolated vertices and $varphi$ is an orientation-preserving homeomorphism of $S^2$ that fixes each vertex of $G$. This result allows us to provide a classification of combinatorial equivalence classes of critically fixed Thurston maps. We also develop an algorithm that reconstructs (up to isotopy) the pair $(G,varphi)$ associated with a critically fixed Thurston map $f$. Finally, we solve some special instances of the twisting problem for the family of critically fixed Thurston maps obtained by blowing up pairs $(G,mathrm{id}_{S^2})$.

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