Cubulating drilled bundles over graphs
Let \(\mathcal G\) be a connected graph and let \(\Pi\colon E\to \mathcal G\) be a surface bundle with fiber a surface \(S\) (Definition~1.2). A drilled surface bundle over \(\mathcal G\) is the complement \(F=E\setminus \bigcup_i N_\varepsilon(\sigma_i)\), where the \(\sigma_i\subset S_{x_i}\) are essential simple closed curves in regular fibers, with disjoint tubular neighborhoods and satisfying the no-essential-annulus condition stated in Definition 1.2(2); the boundary components are tori \(T_i=\partial N_\varepsilon(\sigma_i)\) with peripheral subgroups \(P_i=\pi_1(T_i)\cong \mathbb Z^2\). Writing \(\Gamma=\pi_1(E)\) and \(G=\pi_1(F)\), the paper studies relative hyperbolicity and cubulation properties of \(G\).\N\NThe first main result is Theorem 1.4: if \(\Gamma\) is hyperbolic, then \(G\) is strongly hyperbolic relative to the collection \(\{P_i=\pi_1(\partial N_\varepsilon(\sigma_i))\}\). The proof strategy described in the introduction proceeds by introducing a partially electrocuted pseudometric \(d_{\mathrm{pel}}\) and showing that \((\widetilde F,d_{\mathrm{pel}})\) is hyperbolic (Theorem~3.14), then applying a guessing geodesics argument in Section~4 together with a theorem by \textit{A.~Sisto} [``On metric relative hyperbolicity, Preprint, \url{arXiv:1210.8081}] to deduce relative hyperbolicity.\N\NFor cubulation, the paper defines undrilled components \(K_1,\dots,K_n\) as maximal subgraphs of \(\mathcal G\) containing no point \(x\) with drilled fiber \(S_x\) and denotes by \(E(K_i)\) the restriction of \(E\) to \(K_i\) (contained in \(F\)). Theorem 1.5 states that if for each \(K_i\) the group \(\pi_1(E(K_i))\) is cubulable virtually special, then so is \(G=\pi_1(F)\). Finally, assuming \(F\) is a drilled surface bundle over a finite graph \(\mathcal G\) satisfying the hypotheses of Theorem 1.5, Theorem 1.6 concludes that \(G=\pi_1(F)\) virtually algebraically fibers.
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