DISCONNECTEDNESS CLASSES

DOI10.1080/16073606.2001.9639775MaRDI QIDQ2729659zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 1 September 2003

Published in Quaestiones Mathematicae (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1080/16073606.2001.9639775

closure operator disconnectedness Galois connections

Galois correspondences, closure operators (in relation to ordered sets) (06A15) Factorization systems, substructures, quotient structures, congruences, amalgams (18A32) Torsion theories, radicals (18E40) Topological spaces and generalizations (closure spaces, etc.) (54A05) Categorical methods in general topology (54B30) Connected and locally connected spaces (general aspects) (54D05)

Review text

The author discusses the notion of disconnectedness in the framework of category theory and by categorical tools. The notion is defined in \S 2 with the help of two already known Galois connections [cf. \textit{G. Castellini}, ``Connectedness classes, Quaest. Math. 23, 313-334 (2000; Zbl 0973.18003)]. The main result is proved in \S 3. For this investigation the following basic assumptions are made about the category \({\mathcal X}\) under discussion: \({\mathcal X}\) is an \(({\mathcal E},{\mathcal M})\)-category for sinks. If \(X\in {\mathcal X}\) is a trivial object then any morphism with domain \(X\) belongs to \({\mathcal M}\). \({\mathcal M}\) is a class of monomorphisms of \({\mathcal X}\) containing all isomorphisms, \({\mathcal N}\subset {\mathcal M}\) is a subclass. Any morphism with domain a terminal object belongs to \({\mathcal N}\). If \(t:T\to X\), and \(m:M\to X\) are monomorphisms with \(m\leq t\), \(T\) terminal and \(M\) not empty then \(m\cong t\) follows. \({\mathcal N}\) is a class of non-empty \({\mathcal M}\)-subobjects. Terminal objects detect monomorphisms. Under these assumptions the following main result is proved: Theorem 3.13: Suppose that \({\mathcal X}\) has strong \({\mathcal E}\)-quotients and \({\mathcal A}\subset {\mathcal X}\) is an \({\mathcal E}\)-reflective subcategory containing all trivial objects, \(C\) is a closure operator such that terminal objects are \(C\)-closed in \(A\), the restriction of any strong \({\mathcal E} \)-quotient \(q\) to a \(C\)-closed subobject formed by a pullback along \(q\) is a strong \({\mathcal E}\)-quotient. If \({\mathcal E}\) consists of episinks and pullbacks of \({\mathcal E}\)-morphisms along \({\mathcal M}\)-subobjects belong to \({\mathcal E}\), then the following statements are equivalent: (a) \({\mathcal A}\) is an \({\mathcal N}\)-disconnected class. (b) For every \({\mathcal X}\)-morphism \(f:X\to Y\) with \(Y\in {\mathcal A}\) that satisfies the condition that \(f^{-1}(t_y) \in{\mathcal A}\) for every morphism \(t_y:T\to Y\), \(T\) a terminal object, \(X\in{\mathcal A}\) follow. The paper closes with a number of examples in \S 4.

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