Deducibility and exactness
binary relationscanonical preorder of relationdeducibilityderived relationexact part of relationexact squareexactnesshomologyrelation calculus
Other classical set theory (including functions, relations, and set algebra) (03E20) Categorical logic, topoi (03G30) Relational systems, laws of composition (08A02) Categories of spans/cospans, relations, or partial maps (18B10) Homological algebra in category theory, derived categories and functors (18G99)
The concepts of deducibility and exactness are well-known in homology theory and algebraic topology. In this paper, a translation of the concepts above into the language of binary relations is presented. On this purpose certain relations derived from a given binary relation \(R\) are considered, expecially the relation \(R^d\) of \(R\)-deducibility, the deducibility relation \(R^\partial =(R^d)^{-1}\) of \(R\), the rectangular closure \(R^{\text{rect}}= dom R \times cod R\) of \(R\), the functional relation \(R^\bullet\) associated to \(R\), the canonical preorder \(O_R\) of \(R\), the difunctional closure \(R^{\text{dif}}\) of \(R\), and the exact part \(R^e= R\cap R^\partial\) of \(R\). For this relations one obtains \(R^d= (R^\bullet)^{-1}\{(x,y): \emptyset \neq x\times y\subset R\} (R^{-1})^\bullet =O_R R^d= R^d(O_{R^{-1}})^{-1}\), \(R^\partial =R^{\text{rect}} \odot R(R^{\text{rect}} \odot R)^{-1}R\), \(R^e= R\odot R(R^{\text{rect}} \odot R)^{-1}R\), where \(\odot\) denotes the Boolean difference. Finally, a commutative square \(C\) is exact if and only if the couple consisting of the span and the cospan of \(C\) is an element of the exact part of a certain relation determined by \(C\).
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