Density modulo 1 and Hardy fields

Distribution modulo one (11J71) General theory of distribution modulo (1) (11K06) Well-distributed sequences and other variations (11K36) Measure-preserving transformations (28D05)

Review text

The paper consist of many deep results about the distribution of sequences modulo one.\N\NFirst direction of the paper is a conditions for density of some special sequences modulo one. We mention one of them. Let \(f:(x_0,\infty)\to\mathbb{R}\) be \(d\)-times differentiable function with \(\lim_{x\to\infty} f^{(d)}(x)=r\). Then the paper states necessary and sufficient conditions for density the sequence \((f(n),\ldots,f^{(d-1)}(n))_{n=\lceil x_0\rceil}^{\infty}\) modulo one. Particularly, this sequence is dense modulo one if \(r\not\in\mathbb{Q}\). Previously similar results were known in the case \(r=0\).\N\NSecond direction is a generalization of the Furstenberg's theorem about density of sequences having the form \((2^m3^n\alpha)\). For example, it is proved that if \(f_1,\ldots,f_r\) be a family of functions such that \(\lim_{x\to\infty} f_i^{(l_i)}(x)=0\) and \((f_1(n),\ldots,f_r(n))_{n=1}^{\infty}\) is dense modulo one in \(\mathbb{R}^r\) then for any multiplicatively independent integers \(a,b\) and any irrational \(\alpha\) the sequence \((a^mb^n\alpha,f_1(n),\ldots,f_r(n))_{m,n=1}^{\infty}\) is dense modulo one in \(\mathbb{R}^{r+1}\). By contrast, sequences of the form \((a_1^mb_1^n\alpha_1,\ldots,a_r^mb_r^n\alpha_r)\) with small closure modulo one are studied.

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