Diagonal quadratic forms representing all binary diagonal quadratic forms

DOI10.1007/S11139-016-9857-2MaRDI QIDQ1696802zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Yun-Seong Ji, Myeong Jae Kim, Byeong-Kweon Oh

Publication date 15 February 2018

Published in The Ramanujan Journal (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/s11139-016-9857-2

zbMATH Keywords

2-universal quadratic formsdiagonal quadratic formsrepresentations of binary quadratic forms

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quadratic forms over global rings and fields (11E12) General binary quadratic forms (11E16) General ternary and quaternary quadratic forms; forms of more than two variables (11E20) Sums of squares and representations by other particular quadratic forms (11E25)

Review text

For a positive integer \(n\), a positive definite integral quadratic form is \(n\)-universal if it represents all positive definite integral quadratic forms of rank \(n\). For example, the quinary quadratic form \(x_1^2+x_2^2+x_3^2+x_4^2+ x_5^2\) is \(2\)-universal, by a classical result of \textit{L. J. Mordell} [Q. J. Math., Oxf. Ser. 1, 276--288 (1930; JFM 56.0883.06)]. \textit{B. M. Kim} et al. [Contemp. Math. 249, 51--62 (1999; Zbl 0955.11011)] proved that there exist exactly eleven \(2\)-universal quinary quadratic forms, up to equivalence. In the present paper, the authors consider the weaker condition of being diagonally \(2\)-universal. They prove that a diagonal positive definite integral quadratic form is diagonally \(2\)-universal (that is, represents all diagonal positive definite integral binary quadratic forms) if and only if it represents seven specific binary quadratic forms, and show that there are exactly eighteen diagonal quinary quadratic forms, up to equivalence, having this property.

Recommendations

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• Even 2-universal quadratic forms of rank 5
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• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1419308
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Cited in

(13)

• Diagonal odd-regular ternary quadratic forms
• Diagonal quinary quadratic forms with a strong regularity property
• Quadratic forms representing large integers only
• GoNII: universal quaternary quadratic forms
• On primitively 2-universal quadratic forms
• Uniqueness of the 2-universality criterion
• On the Diagonalization of Quadratic Forms
• Classically integral quadratic forms excepting at most two values
• Integral matrices as diagonal quadratic forms
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1419308 (Why is no real title available?)
• Even 2-universal quadratic forms of rank 5
• On \(n\)-universal quadratic forms over dyadic local fields
• Matrices as a diagonal quadratic form over rings of integers of certain quadratic number fields

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