Dimensions of equilibrium measures on a class of planar self-affine sets

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Abstract: We study equilibrium measures (K"aenm"aki measures) supported on self-affine sets generated by a finite collection of diagonal and anti-diagonal matrices acting on the plane and satisfying the strong separation property. Our main result is that such measures are exact dimensional and the dimension satisfies the Ledrappier-Young formula, which gives an explicit expression for the dimension in terms of the entropy and Lyapunov exponents as well as the dimension of the important coordinate projection of the measure. In particular, we do this by showing that the K"aenm"aki measure is equal to the sum of (the pushforwards) of two Gibbs measures on an associated subshift of finite type.


The authors study Käenmäki measures supported on self-affine sets in the plane that are not self-similar. In particular, let \(F\) denote such a self-affine set and \(\mathcal{S} = \{ S_{1}, S_{2}, \dots, S_{d}\}\), for some natural number \(d \geq 2\), denote an iterated function system for which \(F\) is the attractor. Assuming that: \begin{itemize} \item[(a)] each \(S_{i} : [0, 1]^{2} \to [0, 1]^{2}\) is of the form \(\mathbf{x} \mapsto A_{i}\mathbf{x} + \mathbf{t}_{i}\), where \(A_{i}\) is either a diagonal or an anti-diagonal matrix and \(\mathbf{t}_{i}\) is a translation vector; \item[(b)] \(\mathcal{S}\) satisfies the strong separation condition; \item[(c)] there exist \(i\) and \(j \in \{1, 2, \dots, d\}\) with \(A_{i}\) a diagonal matrix and \(A_{j}\) an anti-diagonal matrix; \end{itemize} it is proved that any Käenmäki measure supported on \(F\) is exact dimensional and satisfies a Ledrappier-Young formula. This complements and extends known results, for instance those of \textit{B. Bárány} and \textit{A. Käenmäki} [Adv. Math. 318, 88--129 (2017; Zbl 1457.37032)] and \textit{T. Jordan} et al. [Commun. Math. Phys. 270, No. 2, 519--544 (2007; Zbl 1119.28004)]. One of the main facts which the authors use is that, even though the Käenmäki measures they consider are neither quasi-Bernoulli nor Gibbs, they can be written as a sum of a push-forward of two quasi-Bernoulli measures supported on an associated subshift of finite type. This allows the authors to reduce their study to a study of Gibbs measures supported on attractors of graph directed iterated function systems comprising of similitudes.











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