Direct systems of spherical functions and representations

Authors Matthew Dawson, Joseph A. Wolf, Gestur Ólafsson

Publication date 28 October 2013

Published in Journal of Lie Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1110.0655, http://www.heldermann.de/JLT/JLT23/JLT233/jlt23034.htm

compact symmetric space spherical representation

Semisimple Lie groups and their representations (22E46) Harmonic analysis on homogeneous spaces (43A85) Differential geometry of symmetric spaces (53C35)

Abstract: Spherical representations and functions are the building blocks for harmonic analysis on riemannian symmetric spaces. In this paper we consider spherical functions and spherical representations related to certain infinite dimensional symmetric spaces

G_{i} n f t y / K_{i} n f t y = v a r i n j l i m G_{n} / K_{n}

. We use the representation theoretic construction

p h i (x) = < e, p i (x) e >

where

e

is a

K_{i} n f t y

--fixed unit vector for

p i

. Specifically, we look at representations

p i_{i} n f t y = v a r i n j l i m p i_{n}

of

G_{i} n f t y

where

p i_{n}

is

K_{n}

--spherical, so the spherical representations

p i_{n}

and the corresponding spherical functions

p h i_{n}

are related by

p h i_{n} (x) = < e_{n}, p i_{n} (x) e_{n} >

where

e_{n}

is a

K_{n}

--fixed unit vector for

p i_{n}

, and we consider the possibility of constructing a

K_{i} n f t y

--spherical function

p h i_{i} n f t y = l i m p h i_{n}

. We settle that matter by proving the equivalence of condtions (i)

e_{n}

converges to a nonzero

K_{i} n f t y

--fixed vector

e

, and (ii)

G_{i} n f t y / K_{i} n f t y

has finite symmetric space rank (equivalently, it is the Grassmann manifold of

p

--planes in

F^{i} n f t y

where

p < i n f t y

and

F

is

R

,

C

or

H

). In that finite rank case we also prove the functional equation

p h i (x) p h i (y) = l i m_{n o i n f t y} i n t_{K_{n}} p h i (x k y) d k

of Faraut and Olshanskii, which is their definition of spherical functions.

Review text

For an increasing sequence of compact symmetric spaces \(M_n=G_n/K_n\), one considers, for each \(n\), a spherical representation \((\pi _n,V_n)\) of \(G_n\): \(\pi _n\) is an irreducible representation of \(G_n\) on the space \(V_n\) and the subspace \(V_n^{K_n}\) of \(K_n\)-invariant vectors in \(V_n\) is one dimensional. Let \(u_n\) be a highest weight vector in \(V_n\). One assumes that the representation \((\pi _n,V_n)\) is realized as the representation of \(G_n\) on the space generated by \(\pi _{n+1}(G_n)u_{n+1}\). The authors study the infinite dimensional homogeneous space NEWLINE\[NEWLINEM_{\infty } =G_{\infty }/K_{\infty }=\lim _{\rightarrow } G_n/K_n,NEWLINE\]NEWLINE and the representation NEWLINE\[NEWLINE(\pi _{\infty } ,V_{\infty })=\lim _{\rightarrow} (\pi _n,V_n).NEWLINE\]NEWLINE They prove that the representation \((\pi _{\infty },V_{\infty })\) is spherical if and only if the ranks of the symmetric spaces \(M_n=G_n/K_n\) are bounded, and this holds if and only if \(G_{\infty }/K_{\infty }\) is the Grassmann manifold of \(p\)-planes in \({\mathbb F}^{\infty }\) (\({\mathbb F}={\mathbb R,\mathbb C}\) or \(\mathbb H\)). The proof amounts to studying whether there is a Cauchy sequence \((e_n)\) such that \(e_n\) is a unit vector in \(V_n^{K_n}\). This condition can be expressed in terms of the \(c\)-functions of the dual symmetric spaces.

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