Distributed first order logics
A logic called Distributed First Order Logic (DFOL) is introduced and studied in the paper. The logic provides a formalization of distributed reasoning over distributed knowledge representation systems. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEFirst, in Section 1, a set of requirements for a logic for distributed knowledge and reasoning systems is stated. Next, the main components of DFOL are defined. A family of first-order languages is assumed and labeled formulas are used (expressions of the form \(i : \phi\) denoting the fact that \(\phi\) is a formula of the language \(L_{i}\)). NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe semantics of DFOL consists of a local interpretation for each language \(L_{i}\) and of a binary relation \(r_{ij}\) between interpretation domains of each pair of languages \(L_{i}\) and \(L_{j}\). Compatibility constraints, pairs of domain constraints and interpretation constraints, are defined. Intuitively, domain constraints capture inclusions between domains of interpretations of two languages and interpretation constraints express the fact that the set of tuples which satisfy a condition \(\phi(x_{1}, \dots, x_{n})\) in \(L_{i}\) corresponds via the relation \(r_{ij}\) to a set of tuples which satisfy \(\psi(x_{1}, \dots, x_{n})\) in \(L_{j}\). The requirements introduced in Section 1 are satisfied in DFOL. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe calculus for DFOL is based on a generalization of Prawitz natural deduction, called Multilanguage system (ML). The deductive machinery of ML contains two kinds of rules, \textit{i rules} (with premises and conclusions in the same language) and \textit{bridge rules} (with premises and conclusions from different languages). The calculus is sound and complete with respect the semantics introduced for DFOL. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEFinally, DFOL is compared with four state-of-the-art classes of formal systems for distributed knowledge and reasoning: Labeled Deductive Systems, Multi Modal Logics, Annotated Logics and Cooperative Information Systems.NEWLINENEWLINEFor the entire collection see [Zbl 0978.00029].
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