Dual constructions for partial actions of Hopf algebras.

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Abstract: The duality between partial actions (partial H-module algebras) and co-actions (partial H-comodule algebras) of a Hopf algebra H is fully explored in this work. A connection between partial (co)actions and Hopf algebroids is established under certain commutativity conditions. Moreover, we continue this duality study, introducing also partial H-module coalgebras and their associated C-rings, partial H-comodule coalgebras and their associated cosmash coproducts, as well as the mutual interrelations between these structures.


A left partial action of a Hopf algebra \(H\) on a unital algebra \(A\) is a linear map \(H\otimes A\to A\) such that \[ 1a=a,\qquad h(ab)=\sum_h(h_{(1)}a)(h_{(2)}b),\qquad h(fa)=\sum_h(h_{(1)}1)(h_{(2)}f\cdot a). \] A partial action is rational if for every \(a\in A\) there exists a positive integer \(n=n(a)\), elements \(a_i\in A\) and \(\varphi^i\in H^*\) such that \(ha=\sum_{i=1}^n\varphi^i(h)a_i\) for all \(h\in H\). A partial action is used in the standard way for the construction of a partial smash product \( A\#H\). There are found conditions under which \(A\#H\) is a Hopf algebroid. Dually the notion of a right partial \(H\)-comodule algebra \(A\) is introduced which leads to the construction of cosmash product. If there exists a non-degenerate dual pairing of Hopf algebras \(H,K\) then under some assumption there exists an isomorphism of the category of rational left partial actions of \(H\) and the category of right partial coactions of \(K\). There are shown several examples of partial actions in algebraic geometry, algebraic groups and of their dualities. In the final sections all dualities are used for the construction of a partial cosmash coproduct.











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