Dynamical ionization bounds for atoms

DOI10.2140/APDE.2013.6.1183MaRDI QIDQ394163zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Enno Lenzmann, M. Lewin

Publication date 24 January 2014

Published in Analysis \& PDE (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1207.6898

zbMATH Keywords

commutatorHartree equationionization boundpositiveRAGE theorem

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Time-dependent Schrödinger equations and Dirac equations (35Q41) NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) Atomic physics (81V45)

Abstract: We study the long-time behavior of the 3-dimensional repulsive nonlinear Hartree equation with an external attractive Coulomb potential $-Z/|x|$, which is a nonlinear model for the quantum dynamics of an atom. We show that, after a sufficiently long time, the average number of electrons in any finite ball is always smaller than 4Z (respectively 2Z in the radial case). This is a time-dependent generalization of a celebrated result by E.H. Lieb on the maximum negative ionization of atoms in the stationary case. Our proof involves a novel positive commutator argument (based on the cubic weight $|x{|}^3$) and our findings are reminiscent of the RAGE theorem. In addition, we prove a similar universal bound on the local kinetic energy. In particular, our main result means that, in a weak sense, any solution is attracted to a bounded set in the energy space, whatever the size of the initial datum. Moreover, we extend our main result to Hartree--Fock theory and to the linear many-body Schr"odinger equation for atoms.

Recommendations

• Bound on the ionization energy of large atoms
• New bounds on the maximum ionization of atoms
• Asymptotics of quantum mechanical atom-ion systems
• Exact results for ionization of model atomic systems
• An upper bound on the ionic ground state density at the nucleus
• The ionization conjecture in Hartree-Fock theory
• Ionization of a model atom by perturbations of the potential
• Ionization and scattering for short-lived potentials

Cited in

(15)

• An upper bound on the ionic ground state density at the nucleus
• Existence of Hartree-Fock excited states for atoms and molecules
• The maximal excess charge in Müller density-matrix-functional theory
• Analytical and numerical studies in deterministic modeling of the states of ions and atoms
• The ionization problem
• On nonlinear Schrödinger equations with repulsive inverse-power potentials
• A nonlinear Schrödinger equation with Coulomb potential
• Blow-up of solutions to the Patlak-Keller-Segel equation in dimension \(\nu \geq 2\)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5360433 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1123579 (Why is no real title available?)
• The maximal negative ion of the time-dependent Thomas-Fermi and the Vlasov atom
• Dispersive estimates for nonlinear Schrödinger equations with external potentials
• EXISTENCE OF GROUND STATES FOR NEGATIVE IONS AT THE BINDING THRESHOLD
• Note on the kinetic energy inequality leading to Lieb's negative ionization upper bound
• Strong instability of the least action ground state for generalized Choquard equation

This page was built for publication: Dynamical ionization bounds for atoms

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q394163)