Eigenvalues of matrix products
The authors considers the following problem (*): given three multisets \(\alpha ,\beta \) and \(\gamma \) of size \(n\) of complex numbers, describe (up to conjugacy) all pairs \((A,B)\) of matrices from \textrm{GL}\(_{n}(\mathbb{C}) \) such that the eigenvalues of \(A,B\) and \(BA^{-1}\) are \(\alpha ,\beta \) and \( \gamma \), respectively.\N\NThe authors first show that in the generic case it is enough to consider the case where \(A\) is lower triangular and \(B\ \)is upper triangular, and then, inspired by [\textit{V. Fock} and \textit{A. Goncharov}, Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 103, 1--211 (2006; Zbl 1099.14025); \textit{A. B. Goncharov}, Prog. Math. 324, 31--97 (2017; Zbl 1392.13007)] they use a honeycomb graph to give a combinatorial description of the eigenvalues of \(BA^{-1}\). The set of pairs \((A,B)\), up to simultaneous conjugacy, which satisfy (*) has dimension \((n-1)(n-2)\) and has an explicit parametrization.\N\NMore generally if \(\Sigma \) is a surface of genus \(g\) with \(k\) punctures, similar arguments are used to find a parametrization of the space \(\Omega _{g,k,n}\) of flat \textrm{GL}\(_{n}(\mathbb{C})\)-structures on \(\Sigma \) whose holomonies around the punctures have prescribed eigenvalues.
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