Elliptic three-folds II: Multiple fibres

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In analogy with the classification of elliptic surfaces, in the classification of elliptic threefolds \(f:X \rightarrow S\) can be distinguished three steps: 1. Classifying elliptic surfaces with section; 2. Classifying elliptic fibrations without multiple fibres with a given jacobian fibration; 3. Understanding how to perform logarithmic transformations along closed subsets \(Z \subset S\) on the base surface \(S\), to produce elliptic 3-folds with multiple fibres. Step 2 has been carried out in part I of this paper [see \textit{I. Dolgachev} and \textit{M. Gross}, J. Algebr. Geom. 3, No. 1, 39-80 (1994; Zbl 0803.14021)]. -- This part 2 is devoted to the study of step 3. In the case of 3-folds, this is a considerably more complicated task than in the case of elliptic surfaces. The author's approach is based on the Ogg-Shafarevich theory, which is applied to find a number of obstructions to performing such logarithmic transformations -- starting from a jacobian elliptic fibration \(f:J \rightarrow S\) with generic fibre \(A\). In this setting, the author computes the Tate-Shafarevich group \(\text{Sh}_{S-Z}(A)\), which is essentially the set of elliptic fibrations with multiple fibres along \(Z \subset S\).











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