Emax model

non-cooperative hyperbolic dose–response model

deterministic model, dimensional model, mathematical model, nonlinear model, static model

Description

The Emax model in its non-cooperative form is a pharmacodynamic dose–response model that describes how drug effect increases with concentration in a simple hyperbolic manner. It assumes no cooperativity in the system, meaning the Hill coefficient is fixed at one, producing a non-sigmoidal saturation curve. The model is characterized by a maximal achievable effect and the concentration that produces half of this maximum, offering intuitive measures of drug efficacy and potency. As the n = 1 specialization of the Hill dose-response model, it represents the simplest form of saturable concentration–effect behavior. This non-cooperative Emax model is widely used in pharmacology, toxicology, and pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic analyses when dose–response relationships do not exhibit sigmoidal characteristics.

Contained entities

Emax equation	$E = \frac{E_{m a x} c_{D}}{E C_{50} + c_{D}}$
	$E$ represents observed response
	$E_{m a x}$ represents maximal response
	$c_{D}$ represents drug concentration
	$E C_{50}$ represents half maximal effective concentration

Computational tasks

nonlinear parameter estimation (Emax model)

References

Pharmacodynamic principles and the time course of immediate drug effects	(review)

Further links

Item	Property
dose-response analysis	modelled by
Hill model (dose-response)	specialized by

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