Embeddings of Decomposition Spaces

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Abstract: Many smoothness spaces in harmonic analysis are decomposition spaces. In this paper we ask: Given two decomposition spaces, is there an embedding between the two? A decomposition space

m a t h c a l D (m a t h c a l Q, L^{p}, Y)

can be described using : a covering

m a t h c a l Q = (Q_{i})_{i i n I}

of the frequency domain, an exponent

p

and a sequence space

Y s u b s e t m a t h b b C^{I}

. Given these, the decomp. space norm of a distribution

g

is

| g |_{m a t h c a l D (m a t h c a l Q, L^{p}, Y)} = l e f t | l e f t (l e f t | m a t h c a l F^{- 1} l e f t (v a r p h i_{i} w i d e h a t g i g h t) i g h t |_{L^{p}} i g h t)_{i i n I} i g h t |_{Y}

, where

(v a r p h i_{i})_{i i n I}

is a suitable partition of unity for

m a t h c a l Q

. We establish readily verifiable criteria which ensure an embedding

m a t h c a l D (m a t h c a l Q, L^{p_{1}}, Y) h o o k r i g h t a r r o w m a t h c a l D (m a t h c a l P, L^{p_{2}}, Z)

, mostly concentrating on the case,

Y = e l l_{w}^{q_{1}} (I)

and

Z = e l l_{v}^{q_{2}} (J)

. The relevant sufficient conditions are

p_{1} l e q p_{2}

, and finiteness of a norm of the form [ left| left(left| (alpha_{i},�eta_j cdot v_{j}/w_{i})_{iin I_{j}} ight| _{ell^{t}} ight)_{jin J} ight| _{ell^{s}}<infty, ] where the [ I_{j}={ iin I : Q_{i}cap P_{j} eqemptyset} qquad ext{ for }jin J ] are defined in terms of the two coverings

m a t h c a l Q = (Q_{i})_{i i n I}

and

m a t h c a l P = (P_{j})_{j i n J}

. We also show that these criteria are sharp: For almost arbitrary coverings and certain ranges of

p_{1}, p_{2}

, our criteria yield a complete characterization. The same holds for arbitrary values of

p_{1}, p_{2}

under more strict assumptions on the coverings. We illustrate the resulting theory by applications to

a l p h a

-modulation and Besov spaces. All known embedding results for these spaces are special cases of our approach; often, we improve considerably upon the state of the art.

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