Equivariant orientation theory
equivariant classifying spaceequivariant fibrationequivariant fundamental grupoidequivariant vector bundle
Groupoids, semigroupoids, semigroups, groups (viewed as categories) (18B40) Homology with local coefficients, equivariant cohomology (55N25) Equivariant homology and cohomology in algebraic topology (55N91) Eilenberg-Mac Lane spaces (55P20) Equivariant homotopy theory in algebraic topology (55P91) Equivariant fiber spaces and bundles in algebraic topology (55R91) Equivariant PL-topology (57Q91) Equivariant algebraic topology of manifolds (57R91)
The paper starts by regarding an element \(x\in X^H\) as the \(G\)-map \(G/H\rightarrow X\) such that \(eH\mapsto x\). Under this interpretation, for a \(G\)-space \(X\), the fundamental equivariant groupoid \(\Pi_GX\) is defined as being the category whose objects are the \(G\)-maps \(x:G/H\mapsto X\) and whose morphisms \(x\mapsto y\) for \(y:G/K\mapsto X\) are the pairs \((\omega,\alpha)\) where \(\alpha:G/H\mapsto G/K\) is a \(G\)-map and \(\omega\) is an equivalence class of paths \(x\mapsto y\circ\alpha\) in \(X^H\) relative, as usual, to their endpoints. Thus one has that a \(G\)-map \(f:X\mapsto Y\) induces a covariant functor \(f_*:\Pi_GX\mapsto \Pi_GY\) and that a \(G\)-homotopy \(f\cong g\) induces a natural isomorphism \(h_*:f_*\mapsto g_*\). Then, imitating the categorical construction of the ordinary orientation theory, the authors define a \(G\)-bundle as a real \(G\)-vector bundle with orthogonal structure group. Afterwards, the category \(\overline{\mathcal V}_G\) is defined as having objects that are \(G\)-vector bundles and morphisms that are equivalence classes of \(G\)-bundle maps. Here two maps are equivalent if they are \(G\)-bundle homotopic with the homotopy inducing the constant homotopy on base spaces. Now \({\mathcal V}_G(n)\) is defined to be the full subcategory of \(\overline{\mathcal V}_G\) whose objects are the \(n\)-plane bundles of the form \(G\times_H\mathbb R^n\mapsto G/H\) where \(H\) acts on \(\mathbb R^n\) through some representation \(\lambda:H\mapsto O(n)\). After defining the universal orientable representation \({\mathcal SV}_G(n)\) a functor \(S:{\mathcal SV}_G(n)\mapsto{\mathcal V}_G(n)\) is determined such that \(p:E\mapsto B\) is orientable if and only if \(p^*:\Pi_GB\mapsto{\mathcal V}_G(n)\) factors through \({\mathcal SV}_G(n)\). The main result in this paper is the following Theorem. A \(G\)-vector bundle \(p:E\rightarrow B\) of dimension \(n\) is orientable iff \(p^*:\Pi_GB\rightarrow{\mathcal V}_G(n)\) can be lifted to a functor \(F:\Pi_GB\rightarrow{\mathcal SV}_G(n)\) together with a natural isomorphism \(\phi:S\circ F\rightarrow p^*\). A choice of such a lift \((F,\phi)\) is an orientation of \(p\). It is proved here that for \(G\) is a finite group of odd order, then a \(G\)-vector bundle is \(G\)-orientable if and only if it is orientable. It is also shown that an orientation of a \(G\)-bundle \(p:E\rightarrow B\) induces orientations of the \(H\)-fixed point bundle over \(B^H\) and of its complementary bundle over \(B^H\) for all subgroups \(H<G\). After reproducing an account of universal spaces due to S. Waner, this paper ends with providing a good account of the classification of oriented \(G\)-bundles, giving some examples of spherical \(G\)-fibrations and PL \(G\)-bundles.
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